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Previous issue date: 2014-08-29 / O presente trabalho objetiva analisar, em termos de classe, a composi??o social do eleitorado das candidaturas presidenciais do Partido dos Trabalhadores nas elei??es de 2002, 2006 e 2010. Tal objeto de pesquisa ? constru?do a partir de um debate cr?tico preliminar com os estudos eleitorais brasileiros recentes, especialmente da literatura sobre a influ?ncia dos programas sociais sobre o voto e das formula??es de Singer acerca do fen?meno do lulismo. Incorporando avan?os e apontando lacunas de tais esfor?os de pesquisa, ? formulado um roteiro de investiga??o emp?rica composto por tr?s elementos fundamentais - a medi??o das dimens?es da estrutura de classes do capitalismo brasileiro; a observa??o dos interesses materiais relacionados aos postos constituintes de tal estrutura; a elabora??o de medidas de associa??o entre a inser??o em grupamentos classistas e o comportamento eleitoral individual. Com base na abordagem neomarxista de an?lise de classe, especialmente a partir das formula??es de Wright, elabora-se uma adapta??o da tipologia de classes formulada por tal vertente (principalmente da vers?o elaborada por Santos ao caso brasilei ro) aos dados disponibilizados pelos bancos de dados dos Censos Demogr?ficos de 2000 e 2010. Tal construto te?rico revela que, no per?odo considerado para a an?lise, a estrutura de rela??es classistas no Brasil se tornou mais proletarizada e, consequentemente, contou com uma diminui??o das dimens?es dos postos de classe ?destitu?dos?. Em acr?scimo, verificou-se, em rela??o aos interesses objetivos classistas, incrementos difusos de bem-estar econ?mico que permitiram avan?os, no que concerne ?s condi??es materiais do proletariado, sem, todavia, incorrer em perdas ?s posi??es de classe privilegiadas. Tais mudan?as na esfera estrutural incidiram de formas diversas sobre a arena pol?tica. Com base em uma adapta??o ? analise eleitoral do conceito de ?forma??o de classe?, tamb?m formulado por Wright, al?m do recurso a t?cnicas de infer?ncia ecol?gica (especialmente as propostas por King e associados), foi poss?vel elaborar um panorama do voto de classe no per?odo estudado. Como principais resultados, foram identificados tr?s padr?es gerais de comportamento eleitoral individual, relacionados a cada um dos tr?s grupamentos classistas analisados - a contraposi??o ?s candidaturas petistas, por parte dos eleitores em localiza??es de classe privilegiadas; a ades?o, recorrente ao longo de todo o per?odo estudado, dos trabalhadores ?s candidaturas Lula e Dilma Rousseff; uma guinada eleitoral favor?vel ?quelas candidaturas, empreendida pelos eleitores economicamente destitu?dos, a partir da elei??o de 2006. / This work aims to analyze, in terms of class, the
social composition
of the
constituency of the presidential candidates of the Workers Party in 2002, 2006
and 2010 elections.
Such research object is constructed from a preliminary critical
debate with recent Brazilian electoral studies, especially the literature on the
infl
uence of social programs on voting and Singer?s formulations about the
lulismo
phenomenon. Incorporating advances and pointing out gaps in such research
efforts, is formulated a roadmap for empirical research constituted of three key
elements
-
the measure
ment of the dimensions of class structure in Brazilian
capitalism; the observation of material interests related to the constituents
locations of such structure; the development of measures of association between
the insertion in class groupings and indivi
dual voting behavior.
Based on the neo
-
Marxist approach of class analysis, especially as formulated by Wright, it is made
an adaptation of the typology formulated by such approach (mainly developed by
Santos to the Brazilian case) to the data available fro
m databases of censuses of
2000 and 2010.
This theoretical construct reveals that during the period
considered for the analysis, the structure of class
-
relations in Brazil became more
proletarized and consequently had a decrease of the dimensions of the de
stitute
class locations. In addition, it was found, in relation to the objective class interests,
widespread increments of economic welfare that allowed advances in relation to
the material conditions of the proletariat, without, however, incurring losses
to the
privileged class positions. Such changes in the structural sphere focused in
various ways on the political arena. Based on an adaptation to electoral analysis
of the concept of "class formation", also formulated by Wright, associated with the
use of
techniques of ecological inference (especially those proposed by King and
associates), it was possible to draw up an overview of class voting in period
studied. As main results, three general patterns of individual voting behavior,
related to each of the
three analyzed class groupings were identified
-
a
contraposition against PT candidates, by voters in privileged class locations; the
adhesion, recurring throughout the study period, of workers to Lula and Dilma
Rousseff; a favorable electoral shift unde
rtaken by economically deprived voters
in favor of those candidatures in the 2006 election.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/19882 |
| Date | 29 August 2014 |
| Creators | Ribeiro, Gustavo C?sar de Mac?do |
| Contributors | 20027214400, http://lattes.cnpq.br/6160348751743948, Costa, Andrea Maria Linhares da, 93775270744, http://lattes.cnpq.br/0645061676950737, Silva, Dacier de Barros e, 05574749491, http://lattes.cnpq.br/7851165771510464, Lopes J?nior, Edmilson, 31193048400, http://lattes.cnpq.br/7706483469232827, Costa, Homero de Oliveira, 08883416449, http://lattes.cnpq.br/8871454632145848, Oliveira, Jo?o Emanuel Evangelista de |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM CI?NCIAS SOCIAIS, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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