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Previous issue date: 2017-07-25 / A sistematiza??o do yoga por Pata?jali divide o yoga em 8 conjuntos de pr?ticas, dentre elas os asanas, a medita??o e as pr?ticas respirat?rias, conhecidas como pranayama. Estudo recen-tes tem sugerido que a pr?tica de pranayama est? associada a efeitos positivos sobre quadros de estresse e ansiedade. Esta tese tem por objetivo avaliar o impacto da pr?tica do Bhastrika Pranayama sobre marcadores de ansiedade, afeto, discurso e imagem funcional por resson?n-cia magn?tica (fMRI, Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging) usando desenho controlado, randomizado de bra?os paralelos. Trinta adultos jovens saud?veis, e sem experi?ncia com o yoga, foram recrutados e avaliados por meio do invent?rio de ansiedade tra?o-estado (IDA-TE), da escala de afeto positivo e negativo (PANAS), da an?lise do discurso e da fMRI (tarefa de regula??o emocional, e resting state), antes e ap?s 4 semanas de pr?tica do Bhastrika Pra-nayama ou de atividades controle. Ap?s o treinamento observamos redu??o dos n?veis de an-siedade e de afeto negativo, e intera??o significativa no sinal da ?nsula anterior bilateral e c?n-gulo anterior direito. A an?lise de correla??o mostrou que ap?s a pr?tica do pranayama, os indiv?duos com maiores aumentos da atividade da am?gdala, e ?nsula bilateral foram os que menos reduziram o afeto negativo. Os dados de rs-fMRI revelaram redu??o significativa de conectividade funcional do c?rtex pr?-frontal ventrolateral (vlPFC) ? direita com c?rtex pr?-frontal dorsolateral (dlPFC) ? direita ap?s o treinamento. Correla??o entre dados de rs-fMRI e escala PANAS mostrou que entre os indiv?duos que fizeram o pranayama, os que mais reduzi-ram a conectividade entre ?nsula anterior ? direita com vlPFC bilateral foram os que mais re-duziram o afeto negativo. An?lise do discurso mostrou redu??o significativa na rela??o se-m?ntica entre os textos transcritos e a palavra ansiedade. N?o foram encontradas diferen?as nas estruturas do discurso. De forma geral, nossos resultados sugerem que a pr?tica do Bhas-trika Pranayama leva a mudan?as significativas de ansiedade e de afeto, que se mostraram acompanhadas por mudan?as na atividade e conectividade de estruturas cerebrais que partici-pam de processos de regula??o emocional. / The systematization of Yoga presented in the Yoga Sutras of Pata?jali, written around 400 CE, proposes an eight limb yoga system, also known as Ashtanga Yoga (ashta=eight, anga=limb), consisting of eight set of practices. Among them, the breathing practices, known as Pranayama, has been associated with positive effects on stress and anxiety. This thesis explores the impact of Bhastrika Pranayama training on markers of anxiety, affect, speech, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) using a randomized controlled trial of two parallel arms. Thirty young healthy adults, na?ve to Yoga practices, were recruited and evalu-ated by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), Speech Analysis and fMRI (emotional regulation task, and resting state-fMRI), before and after 4 weeks of training Bhastrika Pranayama or control activities. Results after bhastrika pranayama suggest reduction in both anxiety and negative affect, increased activity in bilateral anterior insula and right anterior cingulate cortex. Correlation analysis between fMRI signal during the emotional regulation protocol and PANAS scale showed that among individuals in pranayama group, individuals who most increased the activity in amygdala, right and left insula were those that less decreased negative affect. rs-fMRI results suggest decreased functional connectivity in the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) with right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) after pranayama. Correlation between rs-fMRI data and PANAS scale showed that among individuals in pranayama group, those who most decreased the connectivity between right anterior insula with right and left vlPFC were the individuals that most decreased negative affect. Speech analysis showed reduction in semantic properties when the word ?anxiety? was used as seed. No significant difference was found in speech structures after pranayama. In general, our results suggest that the practice of Bhastrika Pranayama leads to changes in anxiety and affect, which was accompanied by changes in the activity and connectivity of brain structures that participate in processes of emotional regulation.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/24374 |
| Date | 25 July 2017 |
| Creators | Novaes, Morgana Menezes |
| Contributors | 50554310163, Sousa, Maria Bernardete Cordeiro de, 06705430478, Soares, Bruno Lob?o, 07069406797, Kozasa, Elisa Harumi, 13557773809, Sanchez, Tiago Arruda, 02796235939, Ara?jo, Draulio Barros de |
| Publisher | PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM NEUROCI?NCIAS, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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