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Previous issue date: 2018-02-27 / For decades, soil has been used as a mean of final disposal of industrial and domestic waste due to its supposed buffering capacity and its self-depuration potential that would allow its recovery without the emergence of large environmental impacts. Considered as an unlimited receiver of harmful substances, an infinity of materials was discarded without treatment in economically convenient locations; that's because economic issues overlapped the environmental ones and there was also a lack of awareness of the serious impact that this type of disposal could cause to the environment and to living beings, not to mention the absence of environmental legislations to regulate such matters. Only in the 70's, after the occurrence of great environmental disasters and environment and people contamination, specific legislations concerning this topic started to emerge. In Brazil, the soil issue was included in some environmental-oriented public policies. However, only in 2000, the National Environmental Council (Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente - CONAMA) approved the first specific rule dealing with soil contamination; in parallel, Sao Paulo State Environmental Agency (Companhia Ambiental do Estado de S?o Paulo - CETESB), in 1999, drew up the Management Manual of Contaminated Areas, with the main purpose of defining procedures for carrying out the administration of these areas. The Manual is based on a methodology composed of sequential stages, in which the information gotten in a stage is the basis for the execution of the following one, and it is divided in two processes that establish the management basis of contaminated areas, called Process of Identification and Process of Rehabilitation. The main goal of the present study is to elaborate a critical evaluation of the methodology used in the processes of soil inquiry concerning the stages described in the Process of Identification (stages: definition of the interest region; identification of potentially contaminated areas; preliminary evaluation) defined by CETESB in its Manual of Management of Contaminated Areas and in Board Decision No. 103/2007/E/C and 038/2017/C, as well as to raise possible imperfections in the conduction of these stages, beyond enumerating the consequences to the following stages, elaborating at the end a diagnosis on the conduction of these processes. After a critical review of the methodologies adopted for the Management of Contaminated Areas in the State of S?o Paulo, it shall be noticed that the completion of the Preliminary Evaluation stage and the preparation of the Initial Conceptual Model based only on historical information and field surveys have no precision and necessary accuracy to base the following stages of the process. The large number of uncertainties, especially regarding to the physical environment, the chemical substances of interest and the contaminant behavior in the soil, can significantly compromise the stages of management, most of all, it can lead to mistakes in the results of the identification process and in the area remediation. / Durante d?cadas, o solo foi utilizado como meio de disposi??o final de res?duos industriais e dom?sticos em virtude de seu suposto poder tamp?o e potencial de autodepura??o, que permitiria sua recupera??o sem o surgimento de grandes impactos para o meio. Considerado um receptor ilimitado de subst?ncias nocivas, uma infinidade de materiais foi descartada sem tratamento em locais economicamente convenientes; isso porque quest?es econ?micas sobrepunham-se ?s ambientais e havia, ainda, um desconhecimento dos graves impactos que este tipo de disposi??o poderia causar ao ambiente e aos seres vivos, sem mencionar a aus?ncia de legisla??o ambiental que regulasse tais quest?es. Somente na d?cada de setenta, ap?s a ocorr?ncia de grandes cat?strofes ambientais e contamina??o do ambiente e de pessoas, que come?ou a surgir legisla??es espec?ficas que tratavam do tema. No Brasil, a quest?o do solo foi contemplada em algumas pol?ticas p?blicas de cunho ambiental. Entretanto, somente em 2000, o Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente (CONAMA) aprovou a primeira norma espec?fica que trata de contamina??o do solo; em paralelo a Companhia Ambiental do Estado de S?o Paulo (CETESB), em 1999, elaborou o Manual de Gerenciamento de ?reas Contaminadas, com a principal finalidade de definir procedimentos para realiza??o do gerenciamento dessas ?reas. O Manual ? baseado em uma metodologia constitu?da por etapas sequenciais, cuja informa??o obtida em uma etapa ? a base para a execu??o da etapa subsequente, e ? dividido em dois processos que constituem a base do gerenciamento de ?reas contaminadas, denominados Processo de Identifica??o e Processo de Reabilita??o. O presente estudo tem como objetivo principal elaborar uma avalia??o cr?tica da metodologia utilizada nos processos de investiga??o de solo no que diz respeito ?s etapas definidas no Processo de Identifica??o (etapas: defini??o da regi?o de interesse; identifica??o de ?reas potencialmente contaminadas; avalia??o preliminar) definidas pela CETESB em seu Manual de Gerenciamento de ?reas Contaminadas e nas Decis?es de Diretoria n? 103/2007/E/C e 038/2017/C e levantar poss?veis falhas na condu??o destas etapas, al?m de enumerar as consequ?ncias para as fases subsequentes, elaborando ao final um diagn?stico sobre a condu??o destes processos. Ap?s avalia??o cr?tica das metodologias adotadas para o Gerenciamento de ?reas Contaminadas no Estado de S?o Paulo, conclui-se que a realiza??o da etapa de Avalia??o Preliminar e elabora??o do Modelo Conceitual Inicial baseadas apenas em informa??es hist?ricas existentes e vistorias em campo, n?o possui precis?o e acur?cia necess?rias para basear as etapas subsequentes do processo. O grande n?mero de incertezas, principalmente no que se refere ao meio f?sico, subst?ncias qu?micas de interesse e comportamento do contaminante no solo, pode comprometer significativamente as etapas do gerenciamento, ocasionando equ?vocos nos resultados do processo de identifica??o e na remedia??o da ?rea.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:tede.bibliotecadigital.puc-campinas.edu.br:tede/1075 |
| Date | 27 February 2018 |
| Creators | Canario, Paula Giovana Grangeiro |
| Contributors | Bettine, Sueli do Carmo, Demanboro, Antonio Carlos, Fadini, Pedro Sergio |
| Publisher | Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Sistemas de Infraestrutura Urbana, PUC-Campinas, Brasil, CEATEC ? Centro de Ci?ncias Exatas, Ambientais e de Tecnologias |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_CAMPINAS, instname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, instacron:PUC_CAMP |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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