Timing and duration of magmatism, involvement of fluid or assimilation of material, and geodynamic context are all important when assessing the processes by which silicic magmas are produced, erupted, or emplaced. This research relies heavily on in situ analyses of zircon, in combination with whole rock elemental and isotopic data, to investigate the causes and effects of silicic magmatism in two very different contexts.
First, in situ age and trace element analyses of zircon from ore-bearing porphyry dikes at Yerington Copper Mine, NV reveal a progressive drop in oxidation state over the ~1 Myr the dikes formed. Unlike previous studies which have found a correlation between bulk rock Cu content and oxidation state as measured by Eu and Ce anomalies in zircon from porphyry Cu systems, no correlation was found at Yerington. In addition, chemical abrasion treatment of zircon, which has been shown to improve age resolution, does not significantly change trace element or oxygen isotope compositions in zircon.
Second, this research uses in situ zircon U-Pb geochronology, trace element, and O and Hf isotope analyses in addition to whole rock elemental and isotopic data to evaluate the petrogenesis of multiple extinct silicic magmatic systems in Iceland and the role tectonism plays on their formation. Major findings are: 1) Involvement of hydrothermally altered, low-δ18O material prior to zircon crystallization in silicic systems in Iceland is ubiquitous; 2) A combination of partial melting of Icelandic crust and fractional crystallization of those melts and/or fresh mantle melts produce the vast majority of silicic units studied; magmas produced via pure partial melting or fractional crystallization are rare; 3) Rare calc-alkaline rocks at Króksfjörður volcano have distinctly different whole rock Pb, Nd, and Hf and in situ zircon Hf isotope compositions than coeval tholeiitic units, implying different petrogenetic mechanisms operated simultaneously for ~1 Myr; 4) Longevity of silicic magmatic systems in Iceland is strongly tied to rates of rifting.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:VANDERBILT/oai:VANDERBILTETD:etd-07152015-154925 |
| Date | 21 July 2015 |
| Creators | Banik, Tenley Jill |
| Contributors | James H. Clarke, Janey Camp, John C. Ayers, Calvin F. Miller, Guilherme A.R. Gualda |
| Publisher | VANDERBILT |
| Source Sets | Vanderbilt University Theses |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-07152015-154925/ |
| Rights | unrestricted, I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained and attached hereto a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee. I hereby grant to Vanderbilt University or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report. |
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