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Previous issue date: 2014-09-26 / Professionals working as first responders to critical incidents are emotionally affected, in different forms and intensities, for the nature of their work. The closeness, duration, frequency and intensity of the exposure to these events are factors that are seen as possible triggers to significant damage to their mental health. This scenario highlights the need to deepen the knowledge of protective and preventive mechanisms of mental health for this group of workers. Thus, the construct of hardiness, a personality variable seen as an endurance resource to the negative consequences of adverse conditions, seems to be a promising tool in order to implement preventive actions in this population. The main purpose of this Thesis, therefore, was to understand the association between psychopathological functioning aspects and the regular exposure to critical incidents as well as the construct of hardiness in the same individuals. The study led to the elaboration of four sections. The first section, of theoretical nature, aimed to perfom a systematic review in the literature of studies addressing the construct of hardiness applied to the this context and to first responders. By reading the articles, the possibilities of hardiness acting as a predictor of psychological distress and emotional illness was discussed, as well as how it interferes in the type of response (positive or negative) to stress-related duties. In the second section an empirical, quantitative, cross-sectional study is depicted, focusing in understanding the relationship between regular exposure to critical incidents and psychopathology aspects in 61 working professionals from an ambulance emergency service and another 61 professtionals of federal level police force, both from the city of Porto Alegre. Through the analysis of the frequency of critical incidents associated with behavior, emotional and social problems related scales, the impact of these incidents to the mental health of the professionals was evidenced. The third section, also of a quantitative cross-sectional nature, meant to assess the relationship between the construct of hardiness and sociodemographic and work related variables, as well as psychopathologic and adaptive functioning in the same professionals. According to the results, higher levels of hardiness, considering its three domains, will predict lower levels of psychopathological problems. Also, the construct was predictive of higher levels of relationship with their work and the people involved on it. The same way, the construct was predictive of higher levels of relations with work and people involved in this. Finally, the fourth section, based on the analyzed results in the other two empirical sections of this thesis, discussed guiding axes for a larger program to promote emotional care for both professional groups in the study. The discussion was about two focusing areas; first, a training strategy in the face of the regular exposure to critical incidents based psychoeducational strategies and the knowledge of the Psychological First Aid; and them, the increase of hardiness, understood as an important protective factor, also through a psychoeducational approach. / Profissionais que trabalham na linha de frente de incidentes cr?ticos, tamb?m conhecidos como profissionais de primeira resposta (first responders), s?o afetados emocionalmente, ainda que de diferentes formas e intensidades, pela natureza de seu trabalho. A proximidade, dura??o, frequ?ncia e intensidade de exposi??o a estes eventos s?o fatores que s?o apontados como geradores de importantes preju?zos a sa?de mental nesta popula??o. Esta realidade evidencia a necessidade de aprofundar o conhecimento de mecanismos de prote??o e preven??o a sa?de mental deste grupo de trabalhadores. Assim, o construto de hardiness, vari?vel de personalidade entendida como um recurso de resist?ncia ?s consequ?ncias negativas de condi??es adversas, mostra-se uma promissora ferramenta para a implementa??o de a??es de preven??o nesta popula??o. O objetivo principal desta Tese de Doutorado, portanto, foi o de compreender a associa??o entre aspectos de funcionamento psicopatol?gico e a exposi??o regular a incidentes cr?ticos, bem como com o construto de hardiness nestes mesmos indiv?duos. O estudo realizado permitiu a elabora??o de quatro se??es. A primeira se??o, de cunho te?rico, buscou revisar de forma sistem?tica na literatura cient?fica estudos que tratassem do construto de hardiness aplicado ao contexto e para os profissionais de primeira resposta. Atrav?s da leitura dos artigos, discute-se as possibilidades de hardiness atuar como preditor de mal estar ps?quico e de quadros de adoecimento emocional, bem como de sua interfer?ncia no tipo de resposta (positiva ou negativa) a situa??es de estresse relacionadas a ocupa??o. Na segunda se??o, ? retratado um estudo emp?rico, quantitativo de tipo transversal, com o foco de compreender a rela??o entre exposi??o regular a incidentes cr?ticos e aspectos do funcionamento psicopatol?gico em 61 profissionais de um servi?o de emerg?ncia m?vel e 61 profissionais de um ?rg?o de for?a policial em n?vel federal, ambos da cidade de Porto Alegre. Atrav?s da an?lise da frequ?ncia dos incidentes cr?ticos associada a escalas indicativas de problemas comportamentais, emocionais e sociais, foi evidenciado o impacto a sa?de mental dos profissionais participantes. A terceira se??o, tamb?m de cunho quantitativo de corte transversal, objetivou a an?lise do construto de hardiness com vari?veis sociodemogr?ficas e de trabalho, e aspectos do funcionamento psicopatol?gico e adaptativo nos mesmos profissionais. De acordo com os resultados, maiores ?ndices de hardiness, considerando seus tr?s dom?nios, v?o prever menores ?ndices de problemas psicopatol?gicos. De mesma forma, o construto foi preditor de melhores n?veis de rela??es com o trabalho e com as pessoas envolvidas neste. Finalmente, a quarta se??o, tomando por base os resultados analisados nas outras duas se??es emp?ricas desta tese, se deteve na discuss?o de eixos norteadores de um programa maior destinado a promo??o de cuidado emocional para os dois grupos profissionais trabalhados. Problematizou-se a respeito de uma forma??o b?sica diante da exposi??o regular a incidentes cr?ticos, baseada em estrat?gias psicoeducaionais e no conhecimento dos Primeiros Aux?lios Psicol?gicos (PAP) e, do incremento de hardiness entendido como um importante fator de prote??o, tamb?m atrav?s de uma abordagem psicoeducacional.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:tede2.pucrs.br:tede/881 |
| Date | 26 September 2014 |
| Creators | Paranhos, Mariana Esteves |
| Contributors | Argimon, Irani Iracema de Lima |
| Publisher | Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Psicologia, PUCRS, BR, Faculdade de Psicologia |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS, instname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, instacron:PUC_RS |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | 2588426296948062698, 500, 600, 2599381623216554467 |
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