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Previous issue date: 2016-08-30 / CENPES / Petrobras / This work has aimed to evaluate the predictive ability of simplified mathematical models to describe the dynamics of the thickening of solids in drilling fluids. In the early stages, settling experiments of barite and calcite in water-based fluids at graduated cylinders were done at initial volumetric concentrations of 6.7%, 12% and 20%, while the change of interface height was measured on the time steps. The first data modelling approach has used conservation laws, considering the relative velocity between the solid and the liquid phase as function of volumetric concentration of solids. This way, the conservation laws used to simulate these systems were based in mass conservation law and in the flux density functions. For the accuracy evaluation in the numerical data provided by conservation laws, this work has used the interface height variation through a period of time, which was determined by experiments as an auxiliary variable, to imply the prediction quality provided by the proposed model, because there was not any equipment available to determine the spatial profiles of solids concentration. Through this procedure, it was found that conservation laws was capable of predict the interface variation through a period of time with relative errors below 10%, except in regions of rapid increase of local concentration. In the second approach of modelling was used a simplified model consisting of the continuity equation and the momentum equation, considering the interaction forces between the solid and liquid phases. The simplified model describe the variation of the interface height through a period of time in several sedimentations, and the displayed results were quite satisfactory and with relative errors lower than the results showed by the conservation laws. In the final stage of this work, the simplified model was used in the simulation of time and spatial concentration profile of the barite suspended in the BR-Mul fluid, which is a real drilling fluid often used by Petrobras. The concentration profiles obtained by simulation were compared with the experimental data reported by authors from Faculty of Chemical Engineering in Federal University of Uberlandia (FEQ/UFU). In this case study, it was possible to directly compare the model output with the experimental data, and the results has showed that the relative error of the model was lower to the fluid with the highest concentration suspensions of barite, specially in the points near to the compacted zone. However, the experimental methodology used in FEQ/UFU has exhibit much imprecision in the regions of high solids concentration, because of the experimental error in the gamma ray emitter. / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a capacidade de predi??o de modelos matem?ticos simplificados para descrever a din?mica de sedimenta??o de s?lidos adensantes em fluidos de perfura??o. Na etapa inicial deste trabalho, foram realizados experimentos de sedimenta??o de suspens?es aquosas de barita e de calcita em colunas de vidro, com concentra??es volum?tricas iniciais de 6; 7%, 12% e 20% para cada s?lido, e a varia??o da altura da interface entre a zona de clarificado e a zona de concentra??o constante foi registrada ao longo do tempo. A primeira abordagem fez uso de modelos conservativos, cuja velocidade relativa entre o s?lido e o fluido ? somente fun??o da concentra??o volum?trica local do s?lido. Dessa forma, os modelos conservativos utilizados para simular esses sistemas foram baseados nas leis de conserva??o da massa e em fun??es de densidade de fluxo. Para avaliar a acur?cia dos resultados fornecidos pelos modelos conservativos, utilizou-se a varia??o da altura da interface de clarifica??o ao longo do tempo, como vari?vel auxiliar para inferir a qualidade das predi??es fornecidas pelo modelo, visto que n?o se dispunha de equipamentos para determinar os perfis espaciais de concentra??o de s?lidos. Atrav?s deste procedimento, verificou-se que os modelos conservativos foram capazes de predizer a varia??o temporal da interface de clarifica??o com erro relativo menor que 10% na maior parte do tempo, exceto na regi?o que a concentra??o local aumenta rapidamente. Na segunda abordagem utilizou-se um modelo simplificado, composto pela equa??o da continuidade e pela equa??o do movimento, considerando as for?as de intera??o entre as fases s?lido e l?quido. O modelo simplificado descreve a varia??o temporal da interface de clarifica??o dos sistemas de sedimenta??o simples, com valores bastante satisfat?rios e com erro relativo menor do que os resultados exibidos pelos modelos conservativos. Na etapa final deste trabalho, este mesmo modelo foi avaliado na simula??o dos perfis temporais e espaciais da concentra??o de barita na sedimenta??o no fluido BR-Mul, que ? um fluido real de perfura??o bastante utilizado pela Petrobras. Os perfis de concentra??o obtidos por simula??o foram comparados a dados experimentais obtidos na Faculdade de Engenharia Qu?mica da Universidade Federal de Uberl?ndia (FEQ/UFU). Neste estudo de caso, foi poss?vel comparar diretamente a sa?da do modelo aos dados experimentais, e os resultados mostraram que o erro relativo do modelo foi menor para o fluido com a maior concentra??o inicial de barita, sobretudo nos pontos que se encontram pr?ximos da regi?o de compacta??o. No entanto, a metodologia experimental utilizada na FEQ/UFU apresenta elevada imprecis?o em regi?es com alta concentra??o de s?lidos, devido ao erro experimental introduzido na utiliza??o do equipamento emissor de raios gama.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:localhost:jspui/1421 |
| Date | 30 August 2016 |
| Creators | RIBEIRO JUNIOR, Jos? Messias |
| Contributors | Meleiro, Luiz Augusto da Cruz, Cal?ada, Luis Am?rico, Meleiro, Luiz Augusto da Cruz, Souza Jr, Mauricio Bezerra de, Torres, Alexandre Rodrigues |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Engenharia Qu?mica, UFRRJ, Brasil, Instituto de Tecnologia |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ, instname:Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, instacron:UFRRJ |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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