<p> In this paper I have researched the kinds of bird hunting practiced traditionally throughout the Hawaiian Archipelago. I have collected, analyzed, and documented all of the sources that could be found on the subject of traditional Hawaiian bird hunting, commonly referred to as called <i> k<span style="text-decoration:overline">a</span>pili manu.</i> Sources utilized include Hawaiian language newspaper articles, old manuscripts, journal publications, old interviews, and traditional Hawaiian stories. This paper has been divided up into three major parts. In M<span style="text-decoration:overline">a</span>hele 1, the bird hunters themselves are examined, as well as their lifestyle when on hunting trips. This is done in five chapters: 2. The Konohiki System, 3. The Qualities of a Bird Hunter, 4. Mountain Living, 5. Trespassing on Land Boundaries, 6. The Spiritual Aspects of Bird Hunting. In Mahele 2, native Hawaiian birds and how often they were caught are examined through two chapters: 7. The Traditional Categorization System of Native Birds Used by Hawaiians, and 8. The Birds Most Hunted on Hawai‘i Island. The last section, M<span style="text-decoration:overline">a</span>hele 3 looks at hunting methods of specific kinds of birds. First examined are the general traditional methods of catching small forest birds. Then the hunting of the ‘<span style="text-decoration:overline">o</span>‘<span style="text-decoration:overline">o</span> (<i>Moho spp. </i>), the mamo (<i>Drepanis pacifica),</i> ‘ua‘u (<i>Pterodroma sandwichensis</i>) and kolea (<i>Pluvialis fulva </i>) each have their own chapter. The business of bird hunting was important in ancient Hawai‘i. Birds were hunted for food, feathers, and for tools. </p>
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:PROQUEST/oai:pqdtoai.proquest.com:1597904 |
| Date | 29 September 2015 |
| Creators | Gomes, Na Noah |
| Publisher | University of Hawai'i at Hilo |
| Source Sets | ProQuest.com |
| Language | Hindi |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | thesis |
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