本比較研究討論兩位廣被推崇，卻常被誤解的的知識份子一曼海姆(1893-1947)及唐君毅(1909-1978) 。驟眼看來，他們似乎沒有太大可比擬之處。曼海姆是匈牙利古典社會學家。而唐君毅則為近代中國文化運動一當代新儒家一的中堅人物。在本文看來，他們之所以容易被誤解是他們的思想均有較重要的紕漏，而他們共同作為流亡知識份子的經驗，是導致他們思想的缺失的主要原因，亦是本文將他們作比較研究對象的根據所在。本文演繹曼海姆的思想，尤其針對其中帶試驗性質的不連貫性，至於唐君毅思想的特質是近乎玄想式的觀念主義。本文通過他們各自的流亡經驗及社會本體論處境以解釋他們思想的缺點。 / 按布伯的看法，有利的知識及文化環境須建基於社群內的互動生活，只有在這樣的背景下，社會及文化(傳統)條件才可平衡地交往發展。循這思路出發，本文分析的二位知識份子均生活於長期失卻「家」的狀態一即與個人存在所契合的生活場所一及失卻人置身於「家」中的安全戚、自然白發的戚覺。正是因此曼海姆的流亡可說是直接引發他思想的試驗色彩與性格，他試圖在不同社會與文化脈絡中找尋一個文化的平衡點，卻因將注意力過份著眼於面對各種社會關條而不幸失落在其中，故此他難以找到一個統一的思想觀念或架構來綜合他不同時期的思想，以及其中的不連貫甚或矛盾。至於唐君毅，跟曼海姆剛好相反，只將注意力集中在中國文化及儒家傳統的傳承上，在其流亡期間沒有作出多大文化適應。一方面他離開了他本來身處的社群，男一方面他亦沒有融入新的社會。這正好解釋他觀念及玄想意味甚濃的思想形態，他過份集中於文他想像中，而相對抽離於社會生活及現實。 / 通過研究這兩位學者，本文提出對「傳統的社會學強度綱領」，指出「傳統」的重要性可同時普及於現代及傳統社會，因為傳統所司的功能對不同類型的社會均有其價值一提供文化框架、文化慣習及文化的信託。本文希望藉理解曼海姆及唐君毅作為流亡知識份子與傳統的關係，推動社會學中對「傳統」的詮析及應用以理解社會生活。 / The present comparative study engages with two highly regarded intellectuals who are however also candidates of convenient misinterpretation-Karl Mannheim (1893-1947), the Hungarian classical sociologist, and Tang Junyi (1909-1978), the major spokesperson for the Chinese cultural movement of contemporary Neo-Confucianism. These intellectuals are juxtaposed for the common experience of exile that each had to undertake, which spanned the major part of their mature lives, as well as disrupted their affinity with tradition. Mannheim's and Tang's experiences of exile and tradition are considered here as among the major factors for the misinterpretation that they face, as regarding Mannheim's experimentalism and Tang's contemplative idealism. / On the empirical level, by way of probing into the respective social ontology of Mannheim and Tang as intellectuals in exile, this study establishes their different epistemic predicaments as diametric manifestations of the unhomely and hence unnatural intellectual conditions plaguing them in exile. Unhomeliness designates the condition in which an intellectual loses his home base-an existential realm of familiarity and certainty-that underlies the unity and continuity of his individual and intellectual identity. An unhomely intellectual is situated in an unending intermediate state between home and host, for which the social and cultural orientation of intellectual identity becomes problematic. / Along Martin Buber's line of thinking, a productive intellectual and his cultural condition has to be one of a spontaneous communal setting where there is a balanced interplay of the social and the cultural/traditional dimensions. The experimental incoherence of Mannheim's thought is thus considered here as the predominance of the social factors in his intellectual production during exile. While for Tang Junyi, his primarily contemplative posture even regarding the substantive agenda of Chinese modernisation is the result of the pre-eminence of the cultural/traditional parameter in his intellectual formation. / On the conceptual level, the state and experience of exile also spell the significant breaching and the bracketing of the immediate relationship between intellectual and the cultural tradition he was raised in. Exile thus provides the vantage point for a closer diagnosis of the immediacy of tradition and intellectual, which is generally overlooked in a naturalistic communal context. / The substantive concern with exile notwithstanding, opting for the (re )instatement of tradition in the form of a strong programme of the sociology of tradition comprises the broader leitmotif of the present study. A strong programme for sociological study of tradition reaffirms the centrality of tradition in all forms of societies, even modem society. Tradition as in this dissertation is delineated into the three analytical attributes of cultural framework, cultural habitus, and cultural commitment, viewed as indispensable to the survival of all societies. A strong programme of tradition is meant to rectify the protracted asymmetric relations between tradition and modernity which impedes meaningful exegesis of not only the traditional, non-Western (or non-modem) societies, but modem societies as well. It is also essential for the ongoing reflection of Western sociology and the Enlightenment discourse, regarding their relationship with the alleged 'tradition' that they unwittingly fabricates. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Chan, Siu Han. / "December 2011." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 319-350). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / ABSTRACT --- p.i / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.iv / Tradition, Intellectual and Utopia: Towards a Strong Programme of the Sociology of Tradition / Chapter 0.0 --- Prologue --- p.1 / Chapter 0.1 --- Detraditionalization Thesis and the Strong Programme of the Sociology of Tradition --- p.2 / Chapter 0.2 --- Towards a Strong Programme of Tradition in Sociological Inquiry: Thematics --- p.22 / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Analytical Framework: Tradition and the Social Ontology of an Intellectual in Exile / Chapter 1.0 --- Prologue --- p.50 / Chapter 1.1 --- Research Design and Analytical Considerations --- p.51 / Chapter 1.2 --- Analytical Framework: Tradition and the Social Ontology of an Intellectual in Exile --- p.59 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Karl Mannheim and a Sociology with Cosmopolitan Intent: The Labyrinth of Tradition and Utopia / Chapter 2.0 --- Prologue --- p.101 / Chapter 2.1 --- Karl Mannheim: The Awkward Classical Sociologist --- p.102 / Chapter 2.2 --- Stages of Mannheim's Intellectual Development --- p.106 / Chapter 2.3 --- German Tradition and Mannheim's Utopian Sociology --- p.108 / Chapter 2.4 --- The Crossroad of Traditions and Mannheim's Sociology with Cosmopolitan Intent --- p.122 / Chapter 2.5. --- The Labyrinth of Tradition and Utopia: Mannheim and Unrooted Cosmopolitanism --- p.136 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Karl Mannheim's Split Allegiance to Cultural Traditions: The Intellectual Experimentalism of an Unhomely Intellectual / Chapter 3.0 --- Prologue --- p.143 / Chapter 3.1 --- Mannheim's Intellectual Experimentalism and Immaturity --- p.144 / Chapter 3.2 --- Mannheim's Exile, and his Exile from Exile --- p.148 / Chapter 3.3 --- Gaining Access to the Centre: The Immigrant Intellectual in Germany --- p.152 / Chapter 3.4 --- Mannheim's Hobson's Choice: The Refugee Scholar in England --- p.157 / Chapter 3.5 --- Split Allegiance to Traditions: The Epistemic Predicament of an Unhomely Intellectual --- p.173 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Tang Junyi and Cultural Evangelism: Chinese Tradition and the Utopia of Here and Now / Chapter 4.0 --- Prologue --- p.185 / Chapter 4.1 --- Tang Junyi: The Peripheral 'Giant of the Cultural Universe' --- p.186 / Chapter 4.2 --- Collective Deliverance from the Tragic: Precocious Settlement of Tragic Consciousness in Chinese Culture --- p.201 / Chapter 4.3 --- A Philosophy of Philosophy: The Spirit of Human Unity in the Nine Realms of Mind --- p.221 / Chapter 4.4. --- Envisioning a (Confucian) Utopia of Here and Now: Living as Redemption --- p.237 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Tang Junyi's Epistemic Predicament: The Homely Intellectual away from Home / Chapter 5.0 --- Prologue --- p.243 / Chapter 5.1 --- The Contemplative and Religious Posture of Tang Junyi's Thought --- p.244 / Chapter 5.2 --- Tang Junyi's Engagement with the Pathogenesis of Chinese Intellectual Milieu --- p.249 / Chapter 5.3 --- Tradition in Exile: Defending the Centre from a Peripheral Position --- p.255 / Chapter 5.4 --- Tradition and Exile: The Intellectual Sojoumer in Hong Kong --- p.263 / Chapter 5.5 --- Idealistic Approach and The Homely Intellectual away from Home --- p.277 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- Tradition and Intellectuals in Exile: A Comparison of Karl Mannheim and Tang Junyi / Chapter 6.0 --- Prologue --- p.283 / Chapter 6.1 --- The Interplay of the Social and the Cultural/Traditional on Exiled Intellectuals: A Comparison of Karl Mannheim and Tang Junyi --- p.285 / CONCLUSION / Chapter 7.1 --- Tradition and the Inner-order of an Intellectual Vocation --- p.306 / Chapter 7.2 --- Further Thought on Utopia --- p.315 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.319
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_327966 |
| Date | January 2012 |
| Contributors | Chan, Siu Han., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Sociology. |
| Source Sets | The Chinese University of Hong Kong |
| Language | English, Chinese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Text, bibliography |
| Format | electronic resource, electronic resource, remote, 1 online resource (ix, 350 leaves) |
| Rights | Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) |
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