The high quality feedstuffs which are used in poultry feeds
are costly and could be used directly for human food. There is less
competition for fibrous feedstuffs which are less digestible by
humans and other nonruminants.
Feedstuffs containing crude and refined dietary fiber were
examined for their effects on performance, carcass composition,
crude fiber digestibility and anatomical changes of the digestive
tract in growing chickens, ducklings, turkey poults and goslings.
Crude fiber (CF) from dehydrated alfalfa (DA) fed to broiler
chicks at 8.3 to 15% of the ration resulted in significantly reduced
body weight (BW), feed consumption (FC) and feed conversion (EF).
Refined fiber (RF, Cellulose) at 5 to 20% of the diet of broiler chicks
resulted in significantly reduced BW and EF, while FC increased.
Bacterial and enzymatic preparations added to broiler chick
diets containing up to 20% RF resulted in no significant differences
in BW or EF within each RF level. However, FC did not increase as
RF increased. RF fed to 4 commercial broiler strain crosses
resulted in no significant differences in BW, FC or EF at each level
of RF. Percent carcass fat decreased in one strain and increased in
all others as RF increased.
Dehydrated Kentucky Bluegrass (KBG) or DA based diets fed
to goslings resulted in no significant effects on mean BW. DA or
KBG at 40% of the diet resulted in significantly increased FC and EF.
EF of pelleted diets was better than mash diets. Mean ADF
digestibility and mean carcass yields increased as DA or KBG
increased in the diet. Microbial preparations (Lactobacillus sp.) fed
to goslings in KBG based diets resulted in better gains and a
significant improvement in EF.
The addition of grit (2%) to control, DA or rye grass roughage
diets resulted m no significant differences among the dietary
treatments.
Digestibility of ADF in chicks, poults and goslings fed diets
containing 6% CF (from oat hulls, OH) increased with the level of CF.
Ducklings digested no measurable amount of ADF from OH. Mean
BW of chicks and ducklings fed the 6% CF diets were less, poults
were unaffected, and goslings were more than those fed the
control diet (C). Carcass fat pad weights in broilers were reduced,
while gizzard weights increased in all species as CF increased. Ceca
lengths within species did not vary; small intestines lengths
decreased in chicks, ducklings, and poults, but increased in goslings
as the level of CF increased in the diet. / Graduation date: 1992
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:ORGSU/oai:ir.library.oregonstate.edu:1957/37267 |
| Date | 27 June 1991 |
| Creators | Hollister, Albert Gene, 1945- |
| Contributors | Nakaue, Harry S. |
| Source Sets | Oregon State University |
| Language | en_US |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Thesis/Dissertation |
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