Thesis (MScAgric) -- University of Stellenbosch, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Low quality roughage is often used in the Western Cape as the only source of roughage
for the young growing ruminant. Production levels of these animals is unsatisfactory and
therefore supplementation is required. It is necessary when small grains are fed to also
include protein sources in the diets. For high production, these protein sources must also
be protected against rumen degradation. Good results are reported with the treatment of
sunflower oilcakemeal (SFOCM) with formaldehyde (0.86 g formaldehyde per 100 g
protein). Protecting methionine with 2-methyl maleic anhydride results in an increase in
wool production. This study looked at the effect on dry matter intake (DM-intake), wool
production and live weight change with supplementing a low quality diet with urea,
SFOCM and formaldehyde protected SFOCM (FSFOCM). These diets where also
supplemented with no methionine, methionine and 2-methyl maleyl methionine (MMM).
The DM-intake of total diet are increased (P<0.05) with the supplementing of oats straw
and barley (1.1% of live weight) diet with SFOCM and FSFOCM (949 & 935 vs 848
gis/d). Supplementing MMM decreased (P<0.05) the DM-intake with 9 %.
Supplementing FSFOCM increased (P<0.05) live weight change from 19 to 44 gis/d. Wool production are increased (P<0.05) with 38 % with supplementation of MMM. The
apparent digestibility of crude protein (CP) of the urea diet are increased (P<0.05) by
supplementing methionine when compared with no methionine supplementation (67.28
vs. 71.23 %). The apparent digestibility of crude protein (CP) of the SFOCM diet (63.71
and 64.96 vs. 70.15 %) and FSFOCM diet (66.39 and 66.26 vs. 70.89 %) are increased
(P<0.05) by supplementing MMM when compared with no methionine and methionine
supplementation. The apparent digestibility of fat of the SFOCM diet (61.01 and 65.65
vs. 48.33 %) and FSFOCM diet (60.93 and 63.83 vs. 38.14 %) are decreased (P<0.05) by
supplementing MMM when compared with no methionine and methionine
supplementation. The apparent nitrogen balance of the SFOCM diet (-0.15 and 5.41 vs.
4.62 gis/d) and FSFOCM diet (2.93 and 5.60 vs. 6.02 gis/d) are increased (P<0.05) by
supplementing MMM when compared with no methionine and methionine
supplementation. The DM- and CP-degradability of barley and DM-degradability of oats
straw did not differ (P<0.05) between different protein treatments. The higher production
with the supplementation of amino acids and proteins can be associated with more amino
acids available in the lower digestibility tract and not as a result of better rumen function. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die benutting van strooi as 'n laegraadse ruvoer deur die jong groeiende herkouer is 'n
algemene praktyk wat in die Weskaap toegepas word. Produksie is egter laag en
aanvulling van beperkende voedingstowwe is dus noodsaaklik. Saam met kleingrane
word proteïenbronne meestal as aanvulling gebruik. Vir hoë produksie is dit dikwels
nodig om proteïen aan te vul wat teen ruminale afbraak beskerm word. Die
formaldehiedbehandeling (0.86 g formaldehied per 100 g proteïen) van
sonneblomoliekoekmeel (SBOKM) is alreeds baie suksesvol toegepas vir die beskerming
van proteïen teen ruminale afbraak. Deur metionien met dimetielmaleïelsuuranhidried te
beskerm, is wolproduksie verhoog. Die studie het die effek van aanvulling van ureum,
SBOKM en formaldehiedbehandelde SBOKM (FSBOKM) saam met geen metionien,
metionien en 2,3 - dimetielmaleïelmetionien (MMM) op droëmateriaal (DM) -inname,
wolproduksie en liggaamsmassaverandering ondersoek. Die DM-inname van jong
Merinohamels op 'n hawerstrooi en gars (1.1% van liggaamsmassa) dieet is verhoog
(P<0.05) deur die aanvulling van SBOKM en FSBOKM (949 & 935 vs 848 g/s/d). Die
DM-inname is egter met 9 % verlaag (P<0.05) deur aanvulling van MMM. Die aanvulling van FSBOKM het die liggaamsmassatoename verhoog (P<0.05) van 19 na 44
gIs/d. Wolproduksie is met 38% (P<0.05) deur MMM-aanvulling verhoog. Die skynbare
verteerbaarheid van ruproteïen (RP) by die ureumbehandeling is verhoog (P<0.05) met
metionienaanvulling teenoor geen metionienaanvulling (67.28 vs. 71.23%). By SBOKM
(63.71 en 64.96 vs. 70.15%) en FSBOKM-behandelings (66.39 en 66.26 vs. 70.89%) is
skynbare verteerbaarheid van RP verhoog (P<0.05) met MMM-aanvulling teenoor
metionien- of geen-metionienaanvulling. By SBOKM (61.01 en 65.65 vs. 48.33%) en
FSBOKM-behandelings (60.93 en 63.83 vs. 38.14%) is skynbare verteerbaarheid van vet
verlaag (P<0.05) met MMM-aanvulling teenoor metionien- of geen metionienaanvulling.
By SBOKM (-0.15 en 5.41 vs. 4.62 gIs/d) en FSBOKM-bahandelings (2.93 en 5.60 vs.
6.02 gIs/d) is skynbare N-balans verlaag (P<0.05) met MMM-aanvulling teenoor
metionien- of geen-metionienaanvulling. Die effektiewe verteerbaarheid van DM en RP
van gars en effektiewe verteerbaarheid van DM van strooi is nie beïnvloed (P>0.05) deur
die aanvulling van proteïen nie. Die verhoogde produksie kan dus geassosieer word met
'n verhoogde voorsienning van aminosure in die SVK deur aanvulling en nie weens
verbetering in die rumenfunksie nie.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:netd.ac.za/oai:union.ndltd.org:sun/oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/52798 |
| Date | 04 1900 |
| Creators | Burger, Willem Jacobus |
| Contributors | Cruywagen, C. W., Coetzee, J., Stellenbosch University. Faculty of AgriSciences. Dept. of Animal Science. |
| Publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| Source Sets | South African National ETD Portal |
| Language | af_ZA |
| Detected Language | Unknown |
| Type | Thesis |
| Format | 151 p. : ill. |
| Rights | Stellenbosch University |
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