The neuroprotective effects of AF4, a flavonoid-enriched extract derived from the
peel of Northern Spy apples (containing quercetin-3-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-galactoside,
quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, epicatechin, and
cyanidin-3-O-galactoside) were examined by assessing neuronal loss and motor
impairment resulting from hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury in adult C57BL/6 mice.
Relative to vehicle treatment (water, 10mL/kg/day), oral administration of AF4 (50
mg/kg/day) for 3 days reduces HI-induced neuronal loss in the striatum and
hippocampus, motor impairments, and reduces the ability of LPS to stimulate the
production of TNF-alpha in whole blood. Pretreatment with AF4 (1 ug/mL) decreased the
death of mouse primary cortical neurons subjected to oxygen glucose deprivation (12
hours) in comparison to vehicle (DMSO) or the same concentration of quercetin or its
metabolites. Taken together these findings indicate that AF4 reduces HI-induced brain
injury and motor deficits by increasing the resistance of vulnerable neurons to ischemic
cell death and decreasing the production of inflammatory cytokines.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:LACETR/oai:collectionscanada.gc.ca:NSHD.ca#10222/15722 |
| Date | 12 July 2011 |
| Creators | Dunlop, Kate Elizabeth |
| Source Sets | Library and Archives Canada ETDs Repository / Centre d'archives des thèses électroniques de Bibliothèque et Archives Canada |
| Language | en_US |
| Detected Language | English |
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