Suppose C(x,t) is the concentration at position x in Rᵈ and time t > 0 of a solute which is diffusing in some medium. If on a local scale the dispersion of the solute is governed by a constant dispersion matrix, 1/2(δ²), and a random velocity field, V(x), then C satisfies a convection-diffusion equation with random coefficients, (DIAGRAM, TABLE OR GRAPHIC OMITTED...PLEASE SEE DAI) (1). Usually V(x) is taken to be μ + εU(x) where μ ε Rᵈ, U(x) is a given stationary random field with mean zero, and ε > 0 is a dimensionless parameter which measures the variability of V(x). Hydrological experiments suggest that on a regional scale the diffusion is classically Fickian with effective diffusion matrix D(ε) and drift velocity α(ε). Thus for large scales (DIAGRAM, TABLE OR GRAPHIC OMITTED...PLEASE SEE DAI) (2) is satisfied by the solute concentration. Here τ and χ are respectively time and space measured on large scales. It is natural to investigate the relation of the large scale coefficients D and α to the statistical properties of V(x). To relate (1) to (2)--and thus to approximate D(ε) and α(ε)--it is necessary to rescale t and x and average over the distribution of V. It can then be shown that the transition form (1) to (2) is equivalent to (DIAGRAM, TABLE OR GRAPHIC OMITTED...PLEASE SEE DAI) (3) where A = (∇•δ²∇)/2 + √nμ• ∇ and B(U) = √nU(√nx) • ∇. By expanding each side of (3) estimates of D(ε) and α(ε) can be obtained. The estimates have the form (DIAGRAM, TABLE OR GRAPHIC OMITTED...PLEASE SEE DAI) (4). Both D₂ and α₂ depend on the power spectrum of U. Analysis shows that in at least the case of incompressible fluids D₂ is positive definite. In one dimensional transport α₂ < 0, hence α(k) < μ(k) through second order.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:arizona.edu/oai:arizona.openrepository.com:10150/184747 |
| Date | January 1982 |
| Creators | WINTER, C. LARRABEE. |
| Publisher | The University of Arizona. |
| Source Sets | University of Arizona |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text, Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) |
| Rights | Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. |
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