Cane berry pomaces have traditionally been considered waste products with little or no value. Yet these pomaces high levels of phenolic compounds such as anthocyanins, is a good source of dietary fiber. Because the pomaces are low in sugar and rich in fiber and dietary antioxidants, they have potential as food ingredients for the health food market. The pomace delivers health benefits associated with high fiber and the antioxidant polyphenolic compounds associated with whole fruits and juices without the high sugar content.
Some dietary fibers are substrates for anaerobic fermentation by the microbiome in the lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The anaerobic fermentation of dietary fiber results in a lowering of the pH in the biomass and production of short chain fatty acids. In this study, a model system mimicking colonic fermentation in the digestive tract was developed and used to assess fermentation of cane berry pomace by colonic bacteria. Pomace samples from blueberry and black raspberry, and Hi-Maize© resistant starch (a high amylose cornstarch used as the positive control) were treated with pepsin followed by pancreatin digestion to simulate the digestive changes in the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. After the digestion, the remaining undigested material was washed and air dried. The fiber was then fermented anaerobically with an inoculum of colonic bacteria prepared from fecal donations of healthy volunteers.
The fermentation of the blueberry and black raspberry pomaces using the inoculum from 5 individuals resulted in a wide range of SCFA production. Fermentation with Hi-maize© resistant starch resulted in production of higher concentrations of SCFAs compared to the cane berry pomace substrates. An inoculum, prepared by mixing individual stool samples from five individuals, provided a microbiota that represented a broader population, thus resulting in a more generalized result. The production of acetate, propionate and butyrate was significantly higher in the pooled sample compared to results from individual donors.
A different group of 5 individuals consumed a diet rich in resistant starch (RS) for a month and at the end of that period their stool samples were collected and used to prepare a pooled inoculum. The pooled inoculum from subjects with RS-fortified diet produced higher level of SCFAs than the pooled inoculum with non-fortified diet expect the Hi-Maize© RS which did not show difference at 0.05 significance level.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:LSU/oai:etd.lsu.edu:etd-09022013-183036 |
| Date | 12 September 2013 |
| Creators | Goita, M'Famara |
| Contributors | Finley, John W., Janes, Marlene E., Keenan, Michael J. |
| Publisher | LSU |
| Source Sets | Louisiana State University |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | http://etd.lsu.edu/docs/available/etd-09022013-183036/ |
| Rights | unrestricted, I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained and attached herein a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee. I hereby grant to LSU or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below and in appropriate University policies, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report. |
Page generated in 0.0018 seconds