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A study of the enhancement effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on fracture healing at different angles of applications with a rat model.

Chung, Shu Lu. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 109-118). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i-iv / 中文摘要 --- p.v-vii / Publications --- p.viii / Acknowledgements --- p.ix / List of Abbreviations --- p.x-xi / Index for Figures --- p.xii-xiv / Index for Tables --- p.xv / Table of Contents --- p.xvi-xix / Chapter Session 1: --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Biology of fracture healing process --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Stage of inflammation --- p.2-3 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Stage of soft callus formation --- p.3-4 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Stage of hard callus formation --- p.4-5 / Chapter 1.1.4 --- Stage of bone remodeling --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2 --- Conventional treatments and its limitations --- p.5-6 / Chapter 1.3 --- Biological treatments in accelerating fracture healing process --- p.6-7 / Chapter 1.4 --- Biophysical treatments in accelerating fracture healing process --- p.7-8 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Electromagnetic fields --- p.8-9 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Shockwave --- p.9 / Chapter 1.4.3 --- Low intensity pulsed ultrasound --- p.9-11 / Chapter 1.5 --- Properties of ultrasound --- p.11 / Chapter 1.5.1 --- Ultrasound signals --- p.11-12 / Chapter 1.5.2 --- Attenuation of ultrasound --- p.12-14 / Chapter 1.5.3 --- Modes of ultrasound wave propagation --- p.14-15 / Chapter 1.5.4 --- Reflection and critical angle --- p.15-18 / Chapter 1.6 --- Insights from previous studies --- p.18-19 / Chapter 1.7 --- Hypothesis --- p.19 / Chapter 1.8 --- Study plan --- p.20 / Chapter 1.9 --- Objectives --- p.20 / Chapter Session 2: --- Materials and Methodology --- p.25 / Chapter 2.1 --- Materials --- p.26 / Chapter 2.2. --- Closed femoral fracture rat model --- p.26 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Operation procedures --- p.26-27 / Chapter 2.3 --- Groupings --- p.27 / Chapter 2.4 --- Low Iintensity Pulsed Ultrasound treatment --- p.28 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Incident angles determination --- p.28 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- LIPUS devices --- p.29 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Set up of standardized platform --- p.29-30 / Chapter 2.4.4 --- Treatment procedure --- p.30 / Chapter 2.5 --- Radiographic analysis --- p.31 / Chapter 2.6 --- Micro-Computed Tomography --- p.32 / Chapter 2.6.1 --- Micro-Computed Tomography scanning --- p.32 / Chapter 2.6.2 --- Micro-Computed Tomography analysis --- p.32-33 / Chapter 2.7 --- Histology --- p.34 / Chapter 2.7.1 --- Sample preparation --- p.34 / Chapter 2.7.2 --- Histomorphometrical analysis --- p.34-35 / Chapter 2.8 --- Mechanical Testing --- p.35 / Chapter 2.9 --- Statistical analysis --- p.35 / Chapter Session 3: --- Results --- p.48 / Chapter 3.1 --- Radiographic analysis --- p.49 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Qualitative analysis - Callus bridging rate --- p.49 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Quantitative analysis - Callus area and callus width --- p.49-50 / Chapter 3.2 --- Micro-computed tomography analysis --- p.50 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Qualitative analysis - 3D reconstructed images --- p.50-51 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Quantitative analysis - Bone volume of callus --- p.51 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Quantitative analysis - Bone mineral density and bone mineral content --- p.51-52 / Chapter 3.3 --- Biomechanical test --- p.52-53 / Chapter 3.4 --- Histomorphological analysis --- p.53 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Qualitative analysis --- p.53 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Quantitative analysis --- p.53-54 / Chapter Session 4: --- Discussion --- p.85-87 / Chapter 4.1 --- Enhancement effects of LIPUS at different incident angles --- p.88 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- LIPUS transmitted at 350 accelerated the fracture healing process --- p.88 / Chapter 4.1.1.1 --- Callus bridging and callus mineralization --- p.88-89 / Chapter 4.1.1.2 --- Dose dependent effects of LIPUS -Maximization of ultrasound energy --- p.89-90 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- LIPUS transmitted at 35° enhanced the restoration of mechanical properties in fracture healing process --- p.90 / Chapter 4.1.2.1 --- Biomechanical properties --- p.90-91 / Chapter 4.1.2.2 --- Bone mineral density and bone mineral content --- p.91-92 / Chapter 4.1.2.3 --- Highly mineralized callus area and volume --- p.92-93 / Chapter 4.2 --- 35° may be the critical angle for further enhancing fracture healing --- p.93 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- LIPUS transmitted at 35° may be the first critical angle in this study --- p.93-95 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Effects of different incident angles --- p.95-96 / Chapter 4.3 --- Mechanism of LIPUS at different incident angles on fracture healing process --- p.96 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Endochondral ossification --- p.96-99 / Chapter 4.4 --- Advantages in using LIPUS transmitted at critical angle --- p.99 / Chapter 4.5 --- Limitations of the study --- p.100 / Chapter 4.5.1 --- Animal model --- p.100 / Chapter 4.5.2 --- Treatment sites of LIPUS transmitted at different incident angles --- p.100 / Chapter 4.5.3 --- Types of fracture --- p.101 / Chapter Session 5: --- Conclusions --- p.102-104 / Chapter Session 6: --- Future Studies --- p.105 / Chapter 6.1 --- Protocol and regime of LIPUS transmitted at different angles --- p.106 / Chapter 6.2 --- Periosteum-stripped fracture model --- p.106-107 / Chapter 6.3 --- Molecular mechanism of LIPUS transmitted at different incident angles --- p.107-108 / Bibliography --- p.109-118 / Appendix I --- p.119

Identiferoai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_326458
Date January 2008
ContributorsChung, Shu Lu., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology.
Source SetsThe Chinese University of Hong Kong
LanguageEnglish, Chinese
Detected LanguageEnglish
TypeText, bibliography
Formatprint, xix, 119 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm.
RightsUse of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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