Includes bibliographical references (leaves 130-139). / This research project attempts to determine the relative influences of climate, sea level changes and human activities during the period of sediment accumulation in the Noordhoek basin in the southwestern Cape. South Africa. The research relies on lacustrine sedimentary deposits and their compositional changes as evidence of the dynamic depositional environments from which environmental conditions are inferred. Data on spatial changes on land surfaces have also been employed to complement the sedimentary chronology from catchments beyond historic records. Assessment of the extent of human influence on the Noordhoek basin has been achieved through comparison with the pristine conditions found on the Cape Nature Reserve. Analysis of dated sediment cores from the Noordhoek valley and the Cape Peninsula Nature reserve has facilitated the reconstruction of major environmental changes for the late Pleistocene and Holocene periods. An extended record of environmental change from the longest core (LM-Core) has enabled environmental reconstruction and the determination of the relative influences of climate, sea level change and human activities on the local! environment of the basin during the late Quaternary. Sedimentological evidence from the cores reveals the long-term evolution of the wetlands as being influenced by fluctuating sea levels and climate change until the mid-Holocene. Short-term environmental processes during the late Holocene. resulting from direct anthropogenic activities such as irrational uses of the wetlands for agriculture and urbanisation are responsible for polluting and transforming the status of the wetlands. Heavy metal concentrations in sediment cores from the two Noordhoek wetlands have allowed the elucidation of recent human impacts. The vertical distribution of these metals correlates with and complements the evidence of spatial changes in land use and land cover. Metal enrichment in the modern Noordhoek wetland sediments and increased organic matter content indicates increasing anthropogenic impacts on the valley as agriculture and urbanisation increased. In comparison. there is a much lower concentration of heavy metals at Groot Rondevlei, as its catchment has been less prone to severe local disturbance such as urban development and recent agricultural activities. The absence of a tightly resolved chronology for these cores restricts the understanding of the commencement and duration of major environmental changes, which have been accounted for elsewhere in the region. This limits the opportunity for direct comparison between this and other known sites. However, the Noordhoek valley is a potential resource for longer-term Quaternary environmental study. The application of a multi-disciplinary approach and high-resolution dating are highly recommended for future research in this area.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:netd.ac.za/oai:union.ndltd.org:uct/oai:localhost:11427/6753 |
| Date | January 2004 |
| Creators | Akunji, E U |
| Contributors | Meadows, Michael E, Holmes, Peter |
| Publisher | University of Cape Town, Faculty of Science, Department of Environmental and Geographical Science |
| Source Sets | South African National ETD Portal |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Thesis, MA |
| Format | application/pdf |
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