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Previous issue date: 2017-08-11 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Xerostomia and hyposalivation are important sequelae of radiotherapy in the head
and neck region since the salivary glands are extremely sensitive to the effects of
ionizing radiation. The first article of this dissertation comprehends a literature review
in which preventive methods of radiotherapy-induced xerostomia such as the use of
cholinergic agonist drugs, antioxidant substances, acupuncture, low power laser
therapy and submandibular gland transfer were discussed. The second article
describes an experimental study with the objective of evaluating and comparing the
radioprotective effect of vitamin E, the association of vitamins C and E, as well as
resveratrol on morphological changes induced by radiotherapy in the parotid glands
of rats. Seventy male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: control group (1.0 mL
/ kg of saline); Irradiated control group (1.0 mL / kg of saline solution); Vitamin E
group (360 mg / kg, 200 IU / mL vitamin E); Vitamin C and E group (100 mg / kg, 200
mg / mL vitamin C and 360 mg / kg, 200 IU / mL vitamin E); Resveratrol group (100
mg / kg resveratrol). Prior to radiotherapy, the animals received one dose per day of
the drug corresponding to each group, for three consecutive days, through gavage.
The animals were submitted to cobalt-60 teletherapy in the head and neck region
(except the control group), in a single session of 20 Gy. They were euthanized seven
and thirty days after radiotherapy and the parotid glands were dissected and
prepared for morphological evaluation. After seven days there was no significant
difference between the groups regarding the presence of acinar disorganization,
cytoplasmic vacuolation, changes suggestive of apoptosis and cellular
pleomorphism. Thirty days after radiotherapy, in the vitamin E and resveratrol groups
the presence of vacuolation was significantly lower in comparison to the irradiated group (p = 0.015). Also during this period, the resveratrol group presented less
nuclear pleomorphism in relation to the irradiated group (p = 0.015). In addition, the
vitamin E and resveratrol groups had a significantly higher nuclear area in the 30-day
evaluation (p = 0.000). According to the results presented, it is possible to suggest
that vitamin E and resveratrol attenuated the effects of ionizing radiation on rat
parotid acinar cells. Resveratrol appears to have been more efficient compared to
vitamin E. / A xerostomia e a hipossaliva??o s?o importantes sequelas da radioterapia em regi?o
de cabe?a e pesco?o uma vez que as gl?ndulas salivares s?o extremamente
sens?veis aos efeitos da radia??o ionizante. O primeiro artigo desta disserta??o
trata-se de uma revis?o de literatura na qual foram abordados m?todos preventivos
de xerostomia radioinduzida tais como o uso de f?rmacos agonistas colin?rgicos,
subst?ncias antioxidantes, acupuntura, terapia laser de baixa pot?ncia e
transfer?ncia de gl?ndula submandibular. O segundo artigo descreve um estudo
experimental, realizado com o objetivo de avaliar e comparar o efeito radioprotetor
da vitamina E, da associa??o das vitaminas C e E, bem como do resveratrol sobre
altera??es morfol?gicas induzidas pela radioterapia em gl?ndulas par?tidas de ratos.
Setenta ratos Wistar, machos, adultos foram distribu?dos em cinco grupos: grupo
controle (1,0 mL/kg de solu??o salina); grupo controle irradiado (1,0 mL/kg de
solu??o salina); grupo vitamina E (360 mg/kg, 200 UI/mL de vitamina E); grupo
vitaminas C e E (360 mg/kg, 200 UI/mL de vitamina E e 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/mL de
vitamina C); grupo resveratrol (100 mg/kg de resveratrol). Previamente ?
radioterapia, os animais receberam uma dose por dia do f?rmaco correspondente a
cada grupo, durante tr?s dias consecutivos, por meio de gavagem. Os animais foram
submetidos ? teleterapia por cobalto-60 em regi?o de cabe?a e pesco?o (exceto o
grupo-controle), em sess?o ?nica de 20 Gy. Os animais foram eutanasiados sete e
trinta dias ap?s a radioterapia e as gl?ndulas par?tidas foram dissecadas e
preparadas para avalia??o morfol?gica. Ap?s sete dias n?o houve diferen?a
significativa entre os grupos quanto ? presen?a de desorganiza??o acinar,
vacuola??o citoplasm?tica, altera??es sugestivas de apoptose e pleomorfismo celular. Trinta dias ap?s a radioterapia, nos grupos vitamina E e resveratrol a
presen?a de vacuola??o foi significativamente inferior em compara??o ao grupo
irradiado (p=0,015). Ainda neste per?odo, o grupo resveratrol apresentou menos
pleomorfismo nuclear em rela??o ao grupo irradiado (p=0,015). Al?m disso, os
grupos vitamina E e resveratrol apresentaram ?rea nuclear significativamente
superior aos demais na avalia??o de 30 dias (p=0,000). De acordo com os
resultados apresentados ? poss?vel sugerir que a vitamina E e o resveratrol
atenuaram os efeitos da radia??o ionizante nas c?lulas acinares de par?tidas de
ratos. O resveratrol parece ter sido mais eficiente em compara??o ? vitamina E.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:tede2.pucrs.br:tede/7728 |
| Date | 11 August 2017 |
| Creators | Almeida, Lu?sa Cid?lia Gallo de |
| Contributors | Salum, Fernanda Gon?alves |
| Publisher | Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Odontologia, PUCRS, Brasil, Faculdade de Odontologia |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS, instname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, instacron:PUC_RS |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | -8096554818733665164, 500, 500, 500, 600, 4673435736271820140, -2070498469879244349, 2075167498588264571 |
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