Immunization has been used as an upstream, protective measure in public health for decades. Although immunization programs have been introduced in Pakistan, new and emerging infectious disease remains a concern in the country. The province of Sindh, Pakistan is of special concern because of its large rural population.<p>The purpose of this study was to: 1) determine and compare complete and age-appropriate immunization uptake in children 12 to 36 months and birth to 9 months, respectively living in Sindh, Pakistan in 1994 and 1997; and 2) determine the correlates of complete and age-appropriate immunization in children 12 to 36 months and birth to 9 months, respectively living in Sindh, Pakistan in 1997.<p>This study reviewed data that was collected as part of the School Nutrition Program (SNP) and Family Health Project (FHP) in 1994 and 1997, respectively. Analyses included immunization data on 1877 children from the SNP survey and 1694 children from the FHP survey.<p>Females were found to have higher statistically significantly age-appropriate uptake than males in 1997 (p=0.015). Complete immunization status was also found to vary significantly by district of residence in 1994 and 1997 (p<0.001). Both complete and age-appropriate immunization status was found to decrease from 1994 to 1997.<p>Multivariable logistic regression revealed that not owning a radio, electricity, or bicycle was indicative of lower odds of complete immunization uptake (OR<1, p<0.05). Other correlates predictive of lower odds of complete immunization included owning a water pump (OR=0.360), not having a Lady Health Worker (LHW) visit the home (OR=0.489), living in a kucha house (OR=0.637), and living in Tharparkar (OR=0.290), Badin (OR=0.599), or Mirpur Khas (OR=0.271).<p>A similar regression analysis revealed childs sex, ownership of a refrigerator, and having heard of contraception to be correlates of age-appropriate immunization (p<0.05). Females had higher odds of age-appropriate immunization (OR=1.851) compared to males. Not having a refrigerator was indicative of lower odds (OR=0.079). Not having heard of at least one type of contraception was a predictor age-appropriate immunization (OR=1.925).
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:USASK/oai:usask.ca:etd-07132007-142633 |
| Date | 20 August 2007 |
| Creators | Horn, C. Maureen |
| Contributors | Shah, Syed M., Muhajarine, Nazeem, Janzen, Bonnie |
| Publisher | University of Saskatchewan |
| Source Sets | University of Saskatchewan Library |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | http://library.usask.ca/theses/available/etd-07132007-142633/ |
| Rights | unrestricted, I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained and attached hereto a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee. I hereby grant to University of Saskatchewan or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report. |
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