Objective. To examine the relationships between dietary intake of fruits, vegetables, legumes, folate and potassium and the incidence of and mortality from cardiovascular disease Methods. The study sample consisted of participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study (NHEFS) who were free of cardiovascular disease at baseline examination in 1971--1975 and received a dietary assessment including a 24-hour dietary recall and food frequency questionnaire. Folate intake was calculated using ESHA Food Processor software while other nutrients were calculated by NCHS at baseline. Intraclass correlation coefficients were above 0.90 for most nutrients, indicating strong agreement between the ESHA and NCHS nutrient databases. The relationship between diet and cardiovascular disease was examined using Kaplan Meier and Cox proportional hazards methods for time-to-event data Results. Frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption was inversely related to the incidence of stroke and mortality from stroke, coronary heart disease, cardiovascular disease and all causes. Intake of fruits and vegetables at least 3 times per day compared to less than once per day was associated with a 29% lower risk of stroke, 43% lower stroke mortality, 25% lower coronary heart disease mortality, 28% lower cardiovascular disease mortality, and 15% lower all cause mortality, after adjustment for established cardiovascular disease risk factors. Legume consumption was inversely associated with incidence of coronary heart disease and cardiovascular disease, after adjustment for the same cardiovascular disease risk factors. Dietary intake of folate and potassium were inversely related to the risk of stroke. Compared to persons consuming <136 mug folate/day, those consuming ≥300.6 mug folate/day had a 21% lower risk of stroke and 14% lower risk of cardiovascular disease, after adjustment for important risk factors. Dietary potassium intake may be inversely related to risk of stroke in a non-linear (threshold) manner. Persons consuming ≥34.6 mmol potassium/day were 27% less likely to experience a stroke than persons consuming less potassium per day after adjustment for established cardiovascular disease risk factors and dietary factors Conclusion. These findings suggest that increasing consumption of fruits, vegetables, legumes, potassium, and folate may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in US general population / acase@tulane.edu
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:TULANE/oai:http://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/:tulane_24686 |
| Date | January 2000 |
| Contributors | Bazzano, Lydia Angela Louise (Author), He, Jiang (Thesis advisor) |
| Publisher | Tulane University |
| Source Sets | Tulane University |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Rights | Access requires a license to the Dissertations and Theses (ProQuest) database., Copyright is in accordance with U.S. Copyright law |
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