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Investigation of pharmacological anti-diabetic effect on selected traditional Chinese herbs.

by Lam Fung Chun. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 187-202). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Abstract in Chinese --- p.iii / Acknowledgements --- p.v / Table of Contents --- p.vi / List of Abbreviations --- p.xiii / List of Tables --- p.xvii / List of Figures --- p.xviii / Publication --- p.xx / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Epidemiology of Diabetes Mellitus --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Definition of Diabetes Mellitus --- p.1 / Chapter 1.3 --- Glucose Homeostasis and Diabetes Mellitus --- p.2 / Chapter 1.4 --- Classification of Diabetes Mellitus --- p.6 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus --- p.6 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus --- p.7 / Chapter 1.4.3 --- Gestational Diabetes Mellitus --- p.8 / Chapter 1.4.4 --- Other specific types --- p.8 / Chapter 1.5 --- Diagnostic Criteria of Diabetes Mellitus --- p.9 / Chapter 1.6 --- Complications of Diabetes Mellitus --- p.11 / Chapter 1.7 --- Pharmacological Treatment of Diabetes --- p.12 / Chapter 1.7.1 --- Treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus --- p.12 / Chapter 1.7.2 --- Treatment for Type 2 diabetes mellitus --- p.13 / Chapter 1.7.2.1 --- Sulfonylureas --- p.14 / Chapter 1.7.1.2 --- Meglitinides --- p.15 / Chapter 1.7.1.3 --- Biguanides --- p.15 / Chapter 1.7.1.4 --- Thazolidinediones --- p.16 / Chapter 1.7.1.5 --- α-Glucosidase inhibitor --- p.16 / Chapter 1.8 --- Diabetes and Traditional Chinese Medicine --- p.17 / Chapter 1.9 --- Objective of this project --- p.18 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- "Botanical, Preparation and Authentication of Traditional Chinese Herbs" --- p.22 / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.22 / Chapter 2.2 --- Herbal Materials --- p.22 / Chapter 2.3 --- Authentication of Herbal Material --- p.30 / Chapter 2.4 --- Extraction Method --- p.32 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Material and Methods --- p.32 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Results --- p.32 / Chapter 2.4 --- Discussion --- p.32 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- In vitro Studies on Selected Traditional Chinese Herbs --- p.35 / Chapter 3.1. --- Introduction --- p.35 / Chapter 3.2 --- Hepatic Gluconeogenesis Studies --- p.36 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Introduction --- p.36 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Material and Methods --- p.41 / Chapter 3.2.2.1 --- Cell Culture of H4IIE --- p.41 / Chapter 3.2.2.2 --- Glucose Production Assay --- p.42 / Chapter 3.2.2.3 --- Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) Protein Assay --- p.43 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Results --- p.44 / Chapter 3.3 --- Intestinal Glucose Absorption Studies --- p.46 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Introduction --- p.46 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Material and Methods --- p.48 / Chapter 3.3.2.1 --- Preparation of BBMV --- p.48 / Chapter 3.3.2.1.1 --- Chemicals --- p.48 / Chapter 3.3.2.1.2 --- Method --- p.48 / Chapter 3.3.2.2 --- Preparation of Herbal Extracts --- p.50 / Chapter 3.3.2.3 --- BBMV Glucose Uptake Assay --- p.51 / Chapter 3.3.2.4 --- Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) Protein Assay --- p.54 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Results --- p.54 / Chapter 3.4 --- Fibroblast Glucose Uptake Studies --- p.57 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Introduction --- p.57 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Material and Methods --- p.58 / Chapter 3.4.2.1 --- Cell Culture of Hs68 --- p.58 / Chapter 3.4.2.2 --- 2-Deoxy-D-glucose Uptake Assay --- p.59 / Chapter 3.4.2.3 --- Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) Protein Assay --- p.60 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Results --- p.60 / Chapter 3.5 --- Adipocyte Glucose Uptake Studies --- p.63 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Introduction --- p.63 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- Material and Methods --- p.65 / Chapter 3.5.2.1 --- Cell Culture of 3T3-L1 --- p.65 / Chapter 3.5.2.2 --- Differentiation of 3T3-L1 --- p.65 / Chapter 3.5.2.3 --- 2-Deoxy-D-glucose Uptake Assay --- p.66 / Chapter 3.5.2.4 --- Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) Protein Assay --- p.68 / Chapter 3.5.3 --- Results --- p.69 / Chapter 3.6 --- Glucose Transporter Type 4 (GLUT4) Expression Studies --- p.71 / Chapter 3.6.1 --- Introduction --- p.71 / Chapter 3.6.2 --- Material and Methods --- p.48 / Chapter 3.6.2.1 --- Cell Culture of 3T3-L1 --- p.71 / Chapter 3.6.2.2 --- Differentiation of 3T3-L1 --- p.71 / Chapter 3.6.2.3 --- GLUT4 Expression Assay --- p.72 / Chapter 3.6.2.4 --- Preparation of RNA --- p.72 / Chapter 3.6.2.5 --- RT-PCR --- p.73 / Chapter 3.6.2.6 --- PCR Analysis on GLUT4 Expression --- p.74 / Chapter 3.6.2.7 --- Real-time PCR --- p.75 / Chapter 3.6.3 --- Results --- p.77 / Chapter 3.7 --- Discussion --- p.81 / Chapter 3.7.1 --- Discussion of Hepatic Gluconeogenesis Studies --- p.81 / Chapter 3.7.2 --- Discussion of Intestinal Glucose Absorption Studies --- p.82 / Chapter 3.7.3 --- Discussion of Fibroblast Glucose Uptake Studies --- p.83 / Chapter 3.7.4 --- Discussion of Adipocyte Glucose Uptake Studies --- p.84 / Chapter 3.7.5 --- Discussion of Glucose Transporter Type 4 (GLUT4) Expression Studies --- p.86 / Chapter 3.7.6 --- Conclusion --- p.87 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Purification of Cortex Moutan --- p.90 / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.90 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Phytochemical Studies of Cortex Moutan --- p.90 / Chapter 4.2 --- Organic Extraction of Cortex Moutan --- p.93 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Extraction Material and Methods --- p.93 / Chapter 4.2.2. --- Results --- p.93 / Chapter 4.3 --- BBMV Glucose Uptake Assay with Cortex Moutan Organic Extract (CM-C and CM-D) --- p.96 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Material and Methods --- p.48 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Results --- p.96 / Chapter 4.4 --- Fractionation of CM-C and CM-D --- p.98 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Material and Methods --- p.98 / Chapter 4.4.1.1 --- Chemicals --- p.98 / Chapter 4.4.1.2 --- Methods --- p.98 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Results --- p.100 / Chapter 4.5 --- BBMV Glucose Uptake Assay of CM-C and CM-D Sub-fractions --- p.105 / Chapter 4.5.1 --- Results --- p.105 / Chapter 4.6 --- Sulfonylation of CM-D1 --- p.107 / Chapter 4.6.1 --- Material and Methods --- p.107 / Chapter 4.6.1.1 --- Chemicals --- p.107 / Chapter 4.6.1.2 --- Methods --- p.107 / Chapter 4.6.2 --- Structure Elucidation of CM-D1s --- p.108 / Chapter 4.6.2.1 --- 1H-NMR Analysis --- p.108 / Chapter 4.6.3 --- BBMV Glucose Uptake Assay of CM-D1s --- p.108 / Chapter 4.6.4 --- Results --- p.108 / Chapter 4.7 --- "Structural Elucidation of CM-D3, CM-D4 and CM-D5" --- p.112 / Chapter 4.7.1 --- Material and Methods --- p.112 / Chapter 4.7.1.1 --- Mass Spectrometry --- p.112 / Chapter 4.7.1.2 --- 1H-NMR Analysis --- p.112 / Chapter 4.7.2 --- Results --- p.113 / Chapter 4.8 --- "BBMV Glucose Uptake Assay of Acetovallione, CM-D3,CM-D4 and CM-D5" --- p.116 / Chapter 4.8.1 --- Results --- p.116 / Chapter 4.9 --- Synthesis of CM-D3s --- p.118 / Chapter 4.9.1 --- Material and Methods --- p.118 / Chapter 4.9.1.1 --- Chemicals --- p.118 / Chapter 4.9.1.2 --- Methods --- p.118 / Chapter 4.9.2 --- Structure Elucidation of synthesized product --- p.119 / Chapter 4.9.3 --- Results --- p.119 / Chapter 4.10 --- Discussion --- p.121 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- In vivo Studies on Selected Herbs --- p.123 / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.123 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- Diabetic Animal Models --- p.123 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- Neonatal Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rat Model --- p.125 / Chapter 5.2 --- Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) --- p.126 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Animal --- p.126 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Rat Induction Material and Methods --- p.126 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Testing Method for diabetic condition of rats --- p.127 / Chapter 5.3.4 --- Results --- p.128 / Chapter 5.3 --- Basal Glycaemia Test --- p.138 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- Animal --- p.138 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- Rat Induction Material and Methods --- p.138 / Chapter 5.3.3 --- Testing Method --- p.138 / Chapter 5.3.4 --- Results --- p.140 / Chapter 5.4 --- Discussion --- p.143 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- General Discussion --- p.147 / Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.147 / Chapter 6.2 --- Summary of Research Findings --- p.151 / Chapter 6.3 --- Result Interpretation --- p.152 / Chapter 6.3.1 --- Result Interpretation of In Vitro Studies --- p.152 / Chapter 6.3.2 --- Result Interpretation of Cortex Moutan Purification --- p.154 / Chapter 6.3.3 --- Result Interpretation of In Vivo Studies --- p.157 / Chapter 6.4 --- Limitations and Improvements --- p.161 / Chapter 6.5 --- Future Directions --- p.163 / Chapter 6.6 --- Conclusions --- p.169 / Appendices --- p.170 / References --- p.187

Identiferoai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_325310
Date January 2005
ContributorsLam, Fung Chun., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Chinese Medicine.
Source SetsThe Chinese University of Hong Kong
LanguageEnglish, Chinese
Detected LanguageEnglish
TypeText, bibliography
Formatprint, xx, 202 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm.
CoverageChina
RightsUse of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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