The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and predictive factors of secondary infectionsin patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and compare with influenza. A retrospective cohort study which included COVID-19 and influenza patients with samples processed at Karolinska University Hospital Laboratory between 1st March 2020 to 1st January2021 and 1st January 2015 to 1st January 2021 respectively. Blood, urine and respiratory culture results from 7 days before and 7 days after the primary diagnosis collected from laboratory information system. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U test used for descriptive comparison. Predictive factors of secondary infections analyzed using logistic regression. Data includes 16,354 patients:7470 COVID-19 and 8884 influenza. Secondary infections were significantly fewer in COVID-19 patients (26.6%) compared to influenza patients (30%) p<0.01. Lower proportion of episodes with growth (EWG) in blood culture of COVID-19 patients (1.8%) compared to influenza (2.9%) p<0.001. Lower proportion of EWG in respiratory tract cultures of COVID-19 patients (11.1%) compared to influenza patients (24.5%) p<0.001. Higher proportionof EWG in urinary tract cultures of COVID-19 patients (24.5%) compared to influenza (20.1%)p<0.001. Staphylococcus aureus were common bacteria in blood and respiratory tract in both cohorts. Escherichia coli were the most common bacteria in urine in both cohorts. Fungi were least common with unspecified yeast being the most frequent. Likelihood of secondary infection lower in males compared to females AOR 0.70 (95%CI 0.66-0.76)), lower in other clinicalsettings AOR 0.65 (95%CI 0.56-0.76) and increased with age in both COVID-19 and influenza patients (AOR 1.03(95%CI 1.02-1.04)). Higher probability of secondary infections in young influenza patients compared to young COVID-19 patients. A lower prevalence of secondary infections in blood, respiratory tract cultures of COVID-19 patients compared to influenza. Olderage, female sex, intensive care were predictive factors for secondary infections. Findings important for planning of treatment protocols.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:UPSALLA1/oai:DiVA.org:sh-49006 |
| Date | January 2021 |
| Creators | Ogunde, Lydia |
| Publisher | Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, miljö och teknik |
| Source Sets | DiVA Archive at Upsalla University |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Student thesis, info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis, text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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