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Previous issue date: 2005 / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saúde. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. / O presente trabalho teve como principal objetivo avaliar a multirresistência e os fatores envolvidos na resistência aos carbapenemas, em 187 cepas de Pseudomonas aeruginosa oriundas de hospitais no Rio de Janeiro {3) e Mato Grosso do Sul (1 ), e de dois laboratórios da rede de Saúde Pública (ES e BA). O mecanismo de resistência aos carbapenemas foi determinado através da pesquisa da produção de metalo-Beta-lactamase (Mbla) por meio de um teste fenotípico de difusão em duplo disco, utilizando EDTA, e a presença de dois genes responsáveis pela produção deste de tipo de Beta-lactamase, foi verificada através da PCR. No computo geral, 66.3 por cento das cepas mostraram-se resistentes a seis antimicrobianos ou mais. Resistência ao imipeném foi observada em 58,3 por cento dos isolados, e ao meropeném em 57.2 por cento, com 85.3 por cento de positividade para Mbla. A presença dos genes IMP-l e SPM foi detectada em 6.7 por cento e 34.5 por cento, respectivamente. Através da Eletroforese de Campo Pulsado foram identificados 93 genótipos distintos para as 187 cepas analisadas, apontando a prevalência de um perfil genômico (A), detectado em todas as regiões que participaram do estudo. Este se caracterizou por 96.5por cento de positividade para Mbla e 41.4 por cento para o gene SPM. O elevado percentual de multirresistência, e o achado de um genótipo multirresistente prevalente em diferentes regiões do Brasil, indicam a disseminação de genes de resistência o que representa uma grande preocupação principalmente quando isoladas no ambiente hospitalar, por poderem estar envolvidas com surtos e impedir o tratamento de primeira linha. / Nosocomial infections, many times are the main cause of morbity and mortality among hospitalized patients, configuring a serious problem by public health. In this context Pseudomonas aeruiginosa is a leading cause of this kind of infection. At Brazilian hospitals, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, ranked first among all nosocomial pathogens related to pneumonia in intensive care unit, emphasizing its wrapping up with pathologies. The situation is increasingly worst because Pseudomonas aeruginosa is becoming multirresistant, what is a limiting factor in the treatment. Among the antimicrobial agents that are used to treat infections caused by pathogens β-lactam-resistant, the carbapenems are very useful antimicrobial agent due to be stable to hydrolyzing by the most β-lactamases, including extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL). However, today is increasingly the number of P. aeruginosa resistant to this agent. Therefore, the aim of this study was evaluate the multirresistance and the factors that were involved at imipenem resistance. A total of 187 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated at hospitals of Rio de Janeiro city (3) and Mato Grosso do Sul (1), and isolated in Public Helath laboratories situated at Espírito Santo and Bahia states. The mechanism to carbapenem-resistance was determined using a testing method for screening the production the metallo-β-lactamase (Mbla) using a convenient test using EDTA, and the detection of two genes producing metallo-β-lactamase was verified using PCR. Among all strains, 66.3% were resistant to 6 or more agents. Imipenem resistance was detected in 58.3%, and meropenem in 57.2%, where 85.3% strains was positive to the screening test to Mbla. IMP-1 was detected in 6.7% among the strains what were tested, and SPM-1 were detected in 34.5%. The Pulsed Field Gel Eletrophoresis (PFGE) identified 93 genotypes distinct among the 187 strains analyzed, and was observed the prevalence of one pattern (A), detected at all regions studied. This genotype was positive to the screening test in 96.5% and the SPM-1 gene was detected in 41.4% among the strains with this genotype. This high percentage of multirresistance and the presence of a predominant genotype common at the different regions of the Brazil, indicate the dissemination by resistance genes, representing a problem mainly when isolated at hospital, because the high possibility of an outbreak, impending the ideal treatment.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:www.arca.fiocruz.br:icict/8542 |
| Date | January 2005 |
| Creators | Ferreira, Luciana Lobianco |
| Contributors | Villas Boas, Maria Helena Simões, Lázaro, Norma dos Santos, Asensi, Marise Dutra, Asensi, Marise Dutra |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, instname:Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, instacron:FIOCRUZ |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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