O presente trabalho visa contribuir para o encaminhamento de soluções, relativas ao gerenciamento de resíduos químicos em instituições de ensino e pesquisa e hospitalares. Estas instituições atuam, ou pelo menos devem atuar, como modelos das políticas de preservação ambiental e prevenção de riscos à saúde, com práticas sustentáveis e respaldadas nas normas vigentes, contribuindo para a formação de cidadãos comprometidos com a saúde ambiental e a qualidade de vida. O objetivo principal do trabalho foi caracterizar os compostos glutaraldeído, xileno e formaldeído, após o uso, oriundos de atividades de ensino e assistência à saúde, com vistas a propor melhorias no sistema de gerenciamento dos mesmos. A primeira etapa do trabalho envolveu o levantamento dos resíduos químicos gerados no hospital escola, em especial o xilol e o glutaraldeído, e no laboratório universitário de anatomia, especificamente o formaldeído em uso, quantificando-os e identificando o local de geração. Também foram avaliados o processo e o tratamento aplicados atualmente a cada um desses resíduos. Para a análise cromatográfica foram coletadas oito amostras mensais de glutaraldeído e xilol pós-uso no hospital escola e uma amostra de cada um dos cinco tanques em uso no laboratório universitário de anatomia, totalizando 16 amostras no hospital e 40 amostras no laboratório de anatomia. As degradações do glutaraldeído, xilol e formol foram de 9,19, 1,52 e 59,38 %, respectivamente. Como alternativa ao descarte convencional dos compostos de interesse sugere-se a reciclagem de solventes orgânicos. São apresentados também possíveis substitutos ao glutaraldeído, xilenos e formaldeído e uma proposta de melhorias de gerenciamento das substâncias. / Submitted by Ana Guimarães Pereira (agpereir@ucs.br) on 2015-05-11T17:15:43Z
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Dissertacao Kira Lusa Manfredini.pdf: 2848598 bytes, checksum: 905fd594245f899daa737e6bb80b6aa8 (MD5) / The present work aims to contribute to finding solutions concerning the management of chemical waste in universities, research institutions and hospitals. These institutions act, or at least should act as models of policies for environmental preservation and prevention of health risks, supported in the current regulations, contributing to the formation of citizens committed to environmental health and quality of life. The main objective of the present work was propose alternatives for the current chemical waste management system, particularly the compounds glutaraldehyde, xylene and formaldehyde after use, in a higher education institution and in a hospital school, in order to support decision-making as to minimize the risks to human and environmental health from the use and disposal of the same. The first step of the study involved a survey of chemical waste generated in the hospital school, especially xylene and glutaraldehyde, and in the university laboratory of anatomy, especially formaldehyde in use, quantifying them and identifying the generation site, and the process and the treatment currently applied to each one of these residues, through local direct observations and survey information from the Environmental Sanitation Institute of the Caxias do Sul University. The next step was the characterization compounds glutaraldehyde, xylene and formaldehyde as the purity (compared to standard substances) in order to analyze the degradation by use and the need ou not of disposal. For this purpose were collected 8 monthly samples of glutaraldehyde and xylene, after use in the hospital school, and formaldehyde in the university laboratory of anatomy. Were present two proposals: a review of the current method of disposal of the compounds glutaraldehyde, xylene and formaldehyde and the replacement thereof by other, smaller environmental impact and health, analyzing advantages and disadvantages of proposals, based on the literature, studies and practices carried out by other institutions. The chromatographic analyzes showed that the compounds glutaraldeyde and xylene have very purity (only 9.19 and 1.52 % of degradation, respectively) and can be reused by the institution, while formaldehyde degradation was high (59.38 %). The proposed alternatives prove to be very advantageous, according to the results obtained in the present study. The recycling of the compounds evaluated, in turn, implies directly in reducing the volume of toxic and hazardous materials that the institution sends to the final disposal.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:vkali40.ucs.br:11338/937 |
| Date | 27 November 2014 |
| Creators | Manfredini, Kira Lusa |
| Contributors | Gomes, Luciana Paulo, Stédile, Nilva Lúcia Rech, Bianchi, Otávio, Nascimento Filho, Irajá do |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, instname:Universidade de Caxias do Sul, instacron:UCS |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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