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Previous issue date: 2015-12-14 / A sustentabilidade tem sido cada dia mais um tema em evid?ncia no mundo,
atualmente organiza??es t?m buscado estar cada vez mais dentro desta filosofia em
seus processos, produtos ou servi?os. No presente trabalho foram fabricados ecocomp?sitos
com a fibra animal (l? canina) que atualmente ? descartada no meio
ambiente sem nenhum aproveitamento. As fases do projeto consistiram em
tratamento inicial das fibras em solu??o alcalina (NaOH) ? 0,05 mols para retirada
das impurezas presentes, e desenvolver m?todos para converter estas fibras
(refor?o) misturadas com o poliuretano de mamona (matriz) em eco-comp?sito com
distintas propor??es (5%, 10%, 15% e 20%). Foram estudadas as propriedades da
fibra pela an?lise de MEV, DRX e FTIR. Os comp?sitos foram fabricados em molde
por compress?o com dimens?es 30x30x1cm com um tempo de cura de 24 horas.
Para caracteriza??o dos comp?sitos foram realizados os seguintes ensaios
normatizados: mec?nicos (tra??o, compress?o, dureza shore A), testes absor??o de
?gua, moisture regain e biodegrada??o. As propriedades t?rmicas nas fibras e
comp?sitos foram analisadas por TG, DSC, condutividade t?rmica, resistividade,
capacidade calorifica, resist?ncia t?rmica e dilatometria. Analisando os resultados
destes testes, observou-se que o comp?sito refor?ado com 20% apresentou um
melhor comportamento t?rmico em rela??o aos demais comp?sitos e estabilidade
dimensional quando comparado aos isolantes t?rmicos comerciais. Sendo tamb?m
poss?vel observar um equil?brio na absor??o de umidade dos comp?sitos sendo
evidenciado com o seu maior ?ndice de absor??o nesta mesma amostra (20%). As
micrografias demonstram as regi?es de intera??o da fibra com o poliuretano com
preenchimento dos espa?os vazios. Nos testes de dureza e compress?o podemos
identificar que com o aumento do percentual de fibras o material adquire uma maior
rigidez fazendo se necess?ria uma maior tens?o utilizada para deforma??o. Portanto
mediante os testes realizados nos eco-comp?sitos, o de maior percentual de fibra
utilizado como refor?o em sua composi??o obteve melhor desempenho frente aos
demais eco-comp?sitos, chegando a valores bem pr?ximos ao do PU. / The Sustainability has been evidence in the world today; organizations have sought
to be more and more into this philosophy in their processes, whether products or
attendance. In the present work were manufactured eco-composites with animal fiber
(dog wool) that is currently discarded into the environment without any use. Project
phases consisted on the initial treatment of fibers with alkaline solution (NaOH) at
0.05 mols for removal of impurities, developing methods to convert these fibers
(reinforcement) blended with castor oil polyurethane (matrix) in eco-composite with
different proportions (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%). Fiber properties were evaluated by
analysis of SEM, XRD and FTIR. The composites were produced by compression
molding with dimensions 30x30x1cm. For characterization of the composites the
following tests were performed: mechanical (tensile, compression, shore hardness A)
according the standards and testing water absorption, moisture regain and
biodegradation. The analysis of thermal properties on fibers and composites were by
TG, DSC, thermal conductivity, resistivity, heat capacity and thermal resistance.
Analyzing the results of these tests, it was observed that the composite reinforced
with 20% showed a better thermal performance between others composites and
dimensional stability when compared to commercial thermal insulation. Also is
possible to observe a balance in moisture absorption of the composite being shown
with its higher absorption rate in this same sample (20%). The micrographs show the
fiber interaction regions with polyurethane to fill the empty spaces. In hardness and
compression testing can identify that with increasing percentage of the fiber material
acquires a greater stiffness by making a higher voltage is used for forming
necessary. So by the tests performed in eco-composites, the highest percentage of
fiber used as reinforcement in their composition obtained a better performance
compared to the remaining eco-composites, reaching values very close to the PU.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/20680 |
| Date | 14 December 2015 |
| Creators | Silva, Francisco Claudivan da |
| Contributors | 18222161415, http://lattes.cnpq.br/8553209522282182, Rocha, Brismark Goes da, 46666958420, http://lattes.cnpq.br/9004961157694360, Silva, K?sia Karina de Oliveira Souto, 00851738435, http://lattes.cnpq.br/4712628443097348, Souza, Roberto Silva de, 44466927472, http://lattes.cnpq.br/4012782800846844, Mendes, Jos? Ubiragi de Lima, Ladchumananandasivam, Rasiah |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM ENGENHARIA MEC?NICA, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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