Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii is the top-ranked pathogen in the World Health Organization priority list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. It emerged as a global pathogen due to the successful expansion of a few epidemic lineages, or international clones (ICs), producing acquired class D carbapenemases (OXA-type). During the past decade, however, reports regarding IC-I isolates in Latin America are scarce and are non-existent for IC-II and IC-III isolates. This study evaluates the molecular mechanisms of carbapenem resistance and the epidemiology of 80 non-duplicate clinical samples of A. baumannii collected from February 2014 through April 2016 at two tertiary care hospitals in Lima. Almost all isolates were carbapenem-resistant (97.5%), and susceptibility only remained high for colistin (95%). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed two main clusters spread between both hospitals: cluster D containing 51 isolates (63.8%) associated with sequence type 2 (ST2) and carrying OXA-72, and cluster F containing 13 isolates (16.3%) associated with ST79 and also carrying OXA-72. ST2 and ST79 were endemic in at least one of the hospitals. ST1 and ST3 OXA-23-producing isolates were also identified. They accounted for sporadic hospital isolates. Interestingly, two isolates carried the novel OXA-253 variant of OXA-143 together with an upstream novel insertion sequence (ISAba47). While the predominant A. baumannii lineages in Latin America are linked to ST79, ST25, ST15, and ST1 producing OXA-23 enzymes, we report the emergence of highly resistant ST2 (IC-II) isolates in Peru producing OXA-72 and the first identification of ST3 isolates (IC-III) in Latin America, both considered a serious threat to public health worldwide. / This study was supported by Cienciactiva of CONCYTEC, contract no. 164-2016-FONDECYT; Planes Nacionales de I+D+i 2008-2011/2013-2016, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdirección General de Redes y Centros de Investigación Cooperativa, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI RD12/0015/0013 and REIPI RD16/0016/ 0010); the 2017 call for Strategic Action on Health (PI17/01932), co-financed by European Development Regional Fund “A way to achieve Europe” and operative program Intelligent Growth 2014-2020; and grant 2014 SGR 0653 from the Departament d’Universitats, Recerca i Societat de la Informació, of the Generalitat de Catalunya. I.R. was supported by the Department of Health, Generalitat de Catalunya, grant SLT002/16/00349. Part of these data have been presented as a poster communication at the 18th International Congress on Infectious Diseases, 3–4 March, 2018, Buenos Aires, Argentina, and at the XXVIII-European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID), Madrid (Spain), 21–24 April, 2018 / Revisión por pares
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:PERUUPC/oai:repositorioacademico.upc.edu.pe:10757/624593 |
| Date | 01 December 2018 |
| Creators | Levy-Blitchtein, Saúl, Roca, Ignasi, Plasencia-Rebata, Stefany, Vicente-Taboada, William, Velásquez-Pomar, Jorge, Muñoz, Laura, Moreno-Morales, Javier, Pons, Maria J., del Valle-Mendoza, Juana, Vila, Jordi |
| Contributors | Ignasi.roca@isglobal.org |
| Publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
| Source Sets | Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC) |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Repositorio Academico - UPC, Emerging Microbes & Infections, 7, 1 |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess, Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ |
| Relation | http://www.nature.com/articles/s41426-018-0127-9 |
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