Yes / Orientation direction dependency of whitening activated at large strains was studied using four pre-oriented isotactic polypropylene (iPP) samples with different molecular weights stretched along different directions with respect to the pre-orientation (0°, 45°, and 90°) by means of in situ wide-, small-, and ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering techniques. A macroscopic fracture of iPP materials was also observed following the stress whitening at large strains. These two associated processes in pre-oriented iPP samples at elevated temperatures were found to be governed by not only the molecular weight of iPP but also the pre-orientation direction. For a certain pre-orientation direction of iPP, both the critical stress of cavitation induced-whitening and failure stress increased with increasing molecular weight. For one given molecular weight, the pre-oriented iPP showed the smallest critical stress for whitening and failure stress along the pre-orientation direction (0°) while the samples displayed larger values for the same behaviors when stretched at 45° or 90° with respect to the pre-orientation direction. Such behavior suggested that oriented amorphous networks, with different mechanical strengths, can be generated during the second deformation processes in these pre-oriented iPP samples. The evolution of inter-fibrillar tie chains in highly oriented amorphous networks was considered as the main factor controlling the response of the inner network to the external stress since the cavitation-induced whitening activated at large strains was caused by the failure of load bearing inter-fibrillar tie chains in the oriented amorphous network.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:BRADFORD/oai:bradscholars.brad.ac.uk:10454/17002 |
| Date | 20 March 2018 |
| Creators | Lu, Y., Thompson, Glen P., Lyu, D., Caton-Rose, Philip D., Coates, Philip D., Men, Y. |
| Source Sets | Bradford Scholars |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Article, Accepted manuscript |
| Rights | (c) 2018 RSC. Full-text reproduced in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy., Unspecified |
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