<p dir="ltr">A three-dimensional numerical model was developed using the commercial CFD code CONVERGE to study the gas-dynamic interactions between the two chambers in a gasoline engine. The geometry and parameters of the engine used were based on a modified turbocharged GM four-cylinder 2.0 L GDI gasoline engine. Pre-chambers with nozzle diameters of 0.75 mm and 1.5 mm were used to investigate the effect of pre-chamber geometry on pre-chamber charging, combustion, and jet formation. The local developments of gas temperature and velocity were captured by adaptive mesh refinement, while the turbulence was resolved with the k-epsilon model of the Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations. The combustion process was modeled with the extended coherent flamelet model (ECFM). Data from engine experiments were compared with the computed main chamber pressures and heat release rates, and the results show good consistency with the model calculations. The scavenging and air–fuel equivalence ratio (λ) distribution of the pre-chambers improved with the larger nozzle, while the smaller nozzle generated jets with higher velocity, greater turbulence kinetic energy, and longer penetration length. Moreover, after the primary jet formation, secondary pre-chamber charging, combustion, and secondary jet formation were observed.</p><p dir="ltr">Two active PC injection strategies were designed to investigate the effect of injected hydrogen mass and PC mixture air-to-fuel equivalence ratio λ on PC combustion, jet formation, and main-chamber combustion. Stoichiometric or rich hydrogen/oxygen mixtures are actively injected into the pre-chamber to enhance the combustion processes in the pre-chamber and the main chamber. A three-dimensional numerical engine model is developed using the commercial CFD code CONVERGE. The engine geometry and parameters adopt a modified GM 4-cylinder 2.0L GDI gasoline engine. The local developments of gas temperature and velocity are resolved with the adaptive mesh refinement (AMR). The turbulence of the flow is computed with the k-epsilon model of the Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations. The turbulent combustion process is modeled with the extended coherent flamelet model (ECFM). Numerical results such as main chamber pressures and heat release rates are compared with experimental measurements, showing good consistency. Detailed analysis is performed to study the effect of the active pre-chamber injection with hydrogen on jet properties and turbulence chemistry interactions. An EGR limit of 36% was observed by injecting a stoichiometric hydrogen-oxygen mixture into the pre-chamber due to its high laminar flame speed and adiabatic flame temperature.</p>
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:purdue.edu/oai:figshare.com:article/26359951 |
| Date | 25 July 2024 |
| Creators | Tianxiao Yu (19201090) |
| Source Sets | Purdue University |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Text, Thesis |
| Rights | CC BY 4.0 |
| Relation | https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/_b_Numerical_investigation_of_jet_formation_penetration_and_ignition_in_pre-chamber_gasoline_engines_b_/26359951 |
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