The Juno spacecraft has measured Jupiter's low-order, even gravitational moments, J(2)-J(8), to an unprecedented precision, providing important constraints on the density profile and core mass of the planet. Here we report on a selection of interior models based on ab initio computer simulations of hydrogen-helium mixtures. We demonstrate that a dilute core, expanded to a significant fraction of the planet's radius, is helpful in reconciling the calculated J(n) with Juno's observations. Although model predictions are strongly affected by the chosen equation of state, the prediction of an enrichment of Z in the deep, metallic envelope over that in the shallow, molecular envelope holds. We estimate Jupiter's core to contain a 7-25 Earth mass of heavy elements. We discuss the current difficulties in reconciling measured J(n) with the equations of state and with theory for formation and evolution of the planet. Plain Language Summary The Juno spacecraft has measured Jupiter's gravity to unprecedented precision. We present models of the planet's interior structure, which treat the hydrogen-helium mixture using computer simulations of the material. We demonstrate that dilute core, with the heavy elements dissolved in hydrogen and expanded outward through a portion of the planet, may be helpful for explaining Juno's measurements.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:arizona.edu/oai:arizona.openrepository.com:10150/624977 |
| Date | 28 May 2017 |
| Creators | Wahl, S. M., Hubbard, W. B., Militzer, B., Guillot, T., Miguel, Y., Movshovitz, N., Kaspi, Y., Helled, R., Reese, D., Galanti, E., Levin, S., Connerney, J. E., Bolton, S. J. |
| Contributors | Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Department of Earth and Planetary Science; University of California; Berkeley California USA, Lunar and Planetary Laboratory; University of Arizona; Tucson Arizona USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science; University of California; Berkeley California USA, Laboratoire Lagrange, UMR 7293, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Observatoire de la Côte dAzur; Nice France, Laboratoire Lagrange, UMR 7293, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Observatoire de la Côte dAzur; Nice France, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics; University of California; Santa Cruz California USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Weizmann Institute of Science; Rehovot Israel, Department of Geophysics, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences; Tel-Aviv University; Tel-Aviv Israel, LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research, University, CNRS, Sorbonne Universits, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cit, 5 place Jules Janssen; Meudon France, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Weizmann Institute of Science; Rehovot Israel, JPL; Pasadena California USA, NASA/GSFC; Greenbelt Maryland USA, SwRI; San Antonio Texas USA |
| Publisher | AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION |
| Source Sets | University of Arizona |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Article |
| Rights | ©2017. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. |
| Relation | http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/2017GL073160 |
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