Spatial and temporal components play a critical role in explaining variability across geographic regions and time, and are necessary components to space-time epidemiological research.
Until recent years, most spatial epidemiological studies have used simple space-time analyses, but the continuous advancements in statistical modeling software and geographic information systems have made more complex spatial analyses readily available. However, methods may be problematic and several ongoing statistical weaknesses have been documented, including failing to account for three significant correlative factors - spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal autocorrelations.
Using Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE) human incidence data, this Master's thesis aimed to answer the research question, is there a northeastern shift in human EEE incidence within the United States, by identifying a statistical model that adjusts for spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal autocorrelations.
This thesis introduced the spatial autoregressive distributed lag (SADL) model, a model that adjusts for spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal autocorrelations. However, results demonstrated that EEE is too rare an event for the SADL model to be appropriate, and a non-autocorrelation model was used as the final model. Results showed that EEE incidence is significantly increasing over time for all infected regions of the United States, with a significant difference of 1.4 cases/10 million between 1964 and 2015. Results did not demonstrate a northeastern shift in EEE incidence as the northeastern US had the highest expected incidence across the entire study period (1964-1967: 2.9/10 million; 2012-2015: 6.8/10 million), but results did demonstrate that the northeastern US had the quickest increasing risk for EEE as compared to other infected regions of the US with an increase in expected incidence of 3.9/10 million between 1964 and 2015.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:arizona.edu/oai:arizona.openrepository.com:10150/624117 |
| Date | January 2017 |
| Creators | Ava, Jessika Lane, Ava, Jessika Lane |
| Contributors | Hu, Chengcheng, Brown, Heidi, Brown, Heidi, Hu, Chengcheng, Bell, Melanie |
| Publisher | The University of Arizona. |
| Source Sets | University of Arizona |
| Language | en_US |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text, Electronic Thesis |
| Rights | Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. |
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