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Previous issue date: 2017-08-30 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Nesta proposta esperamos resolver as seguintes quest?es: 1. existe diferen?as na colora??o entre machos e f?meas de Tropidurus hispidus? 2. as f?meas utilizam caracter?sticas da colora??o para escolher parceiros? 3. a colora??o dos machos prediz o resultado de disputas em contextos agon?sticos? Tropidurus hispidus Spix (1825) a maior esp?cie do grupo Torquatus. Os lagartos desse g?nero s?o diurnos, extremamente abundantes, heli?filos, forrageadores senta-e-espera, territoriais, ocorrendo predominantemente em forma??es abertas. Utilizamos um espectrofot?metro para mensurar as vari?veis de cor e uma modelagem visual, utilizando os dados de sensibilidade visual do lagarto Podarcis mularis. Estes dados foram usados para responder a primeira quest?o. Para responder as quest?es 2 e 3 realizamos dois experimentos controlados, no qual pareamos os machos pelo tamanho. No primeiro, de escolha dos machos pelas f?meas, dois machos foram colocados em um terr?rio dividido em tr?s partes, cada macho ficava em um compartimento e n?o tinham contato visual entre eles e a f?meas no outro compartimento com total acesso visual aos dois machos. Para o segundo, de intera??es agon?sticas entre machos, os animais foram colocados em um terr?rio durante 30 min e neste per?odo foram registrado todos os comportamento para determinar os vencedores em cada rodada. Primeiramente, as vari?veis de cor foram usadas para diferenciar machos de f?meas. Nossos primeiros resultados mostraram claramente que T. hispidus exibe dicromatismo sexual e que este ? percebido por conspec?fico. Das onze ?reas do corpo usadas para comparar machos e f?meas, nove mostraram diferen?as significativas. Para a regi?o dorsal e cabe?a, o croma vermelho ? a vari?vel que mais discrimina machos de f?meas. J? para a regi?o ventral da coxa, cloaca, flanco, barriga e garganta o brilho ? a que melhor distingue machos de f?meas. Para a base da cauda a matiz ? o que melhor discrimina os sexos?. Ainda, o croma UV na regi?o ventral da base da cauda, tamb?m distingue os sexos. A modelagem visual mostrou que essas diferen?as s?o percebidas por outro lagarto, confirmando os dados de espectrofotometria. No experimento de escolha pelas f?meas a regi?o e a vari?vel que melhor discriminaram escolhidos e n?o escolhidos, foram, respectivamente ventral da coxa e croma 8. Para o experimento de competi??o entre os machos as regi?es barriga e colar, bem como as vari?veis croma azul, 3 e 8, melhor discriminaram vencedores e perdedores. Isso nos mostra que a diferen?a entre machos e f?meas v?o al?m das descritas na literaturas e que a colora??o tem um papel importante na competi??o inter e intrasexual. Com isso esperamos ter contribu?do para uma melhor compreens?o da evolu??o do design do sinal e como agem a sele??o intra- e intersexual neste processo. / In this study our goals were to address the following issues: Are there differences in coloration between males and females of Tropidurus hispidus? Do females use color traits to choose between mates? Does male coloration predict the outcome of agonistic encounters? Tropidurus hispidus Spix (1825), the larger species of the Torquatus group. Tropidurus are diurnal, extremely abundant, heliophiles, sit-and-wait foragers, and territorial lizards occurring predominantly in open areas. We used a spectrophotometer to measure color variables and visual modeling using visual sensitivity data for Podarcis mularis. This data was used to answer the first question. To answer questions 2 and 3 we performed two controlled experiments with size-paired males. First, we conducted a female mate-choice experiment where males were placed in a terraria enclosure with three separated parts. We assigned each male to a compartment in which they did not have mutual visual contact. Next, we assigned females to the third compartment that enabled visual contact to both the males. The second experiment consisted of an agonistic interaction set up where we placed a pair of males in a single terraria enclosure for 30 min. During the experiment period we recorded behavioral displays in order to determine winners of each trial. Separately, we used color variables to differentiate males from females. Our first results clearly showed that T. hispidus exhibits sexual dichromatism and that it is perceived as conspecific. Of the eleven areas of the body used to compare males and females, nine showed significant differences. For the dorsal region and head, the red chroma is the variable that most discriminates males from females. While for the ventral region of the thigh, cloaca, flank, belly and throat the glow is the one that best distinguishes males from females. For the base of the tail the tint better discriminates. The UV chroma in the ventral region of the tail base also distinguishes the sexes. The visual modeling showed that these differences are likely perceived by other lizards, confirming spectrophotometry data. In the experiment of choice by the females the region and the variable that discriminated best chosen and not chosen were respectively thigh ventral and chroma 8. For the competition experiment between the males the belly and collar regions, as well as the blue, 3 And 8 chroma variables, better discriminated winners and losers. This shows us that the difference between males and females goes beyond those described in literatures and that coloring plays an important role in inter and intra-sexual competition. With this we hope to have contributed to a better understanding of the evolution of the signal design and how the intra- and intersexual selection act in this process in T. hispidus.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/24372 |
| Date | 30 August 2017 |
| Creators | Maggi, Bruno de Souza |
| Contributors | 90773306153, Garda, Adrian Antonio, 80729568172, Pessoa, Daniel Marques de Almeida, 81902140125, Mesquita, Daniel Oliveira, 19628829858, Kolodiuk, Miguel Fernandes, 01229225498, Costa, Gabriel Correa |
| Publisher | PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM ECOLOGIA, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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