The Goodman Reading Model differs from the word recognition model on the issues of (a) whether reading depends on perception of every single word; (b) whether prediction is used in the reading process; and (c) whether reading comprehension depends on individual words. The study tested the validity of the two models by investigating the reading process in Chinese through error detection. Two hundred subjects with equal numbers of college and middle school students participated in the experiment. The subjects at each educational level were randomly divided into error and meaning focus groups. The error focus groups were instructed to search for errors embedded in a Chinese text and the meaning focus groups to read for meaning of the same text within limited time. Then they were asked to recall the errors detected and the contents of the story in writing and to answer a questionnaire. After that they were given unlimited time to search for as many errors as they could. The main results showed that (a) all subjects failed to detect half of the errors under limited exposure and all errors under unlimited exposure; (b) the error focus subjects detected significantly more errors than the meaning focus subjects under limited exposure, but the meaning focus subjects scored significantly higher than the error focus subjects in recall of the story; (c) there was no significant difference between reading times in the number of errors detected but in the scores for the recall of the story; (d) the college subjects performed significantly better than the middle school subjects in error detection and reading comprehension; (e) more errors were detected in the contents word category than in the function word category; and (f) some extralinguistic factors had effects on the task performance. The results suggest (a) that characters and/or words are not recognized in a linear process in reading; (b) prediction is used under the influence of knowledge of various kinds; and (c) reading comprehension employs words but does not depend on individual words. The Goodman Reading Model is validated and proved applicable to reading in Chinese.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:arizona.edu/oai:arizona.openrepository.com:10150/282855 |
| Date | January 1998 |
| Creators | Xu, Jingguo |
| Contributors | Goodman, Kenneth S. |
| Publisher | The University of Arizona. |
| Source Sets | University of Arizona |
| Language | en_US |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text, Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) |
| Rights | Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. |
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