唐劉知幾著有《史通》一書，當中總結歷代史籍的編撰情況，更提出史籍撰著建議予以後世，但見劉知幾學術之重點在於其史學。事實上，後世學者往往著眼於劉知幾「三入東觀」的經歷以及其僅存的史評論著《史通》，即冠以「史學家」之稱謂，討論其史學觀念，子玄之儒學背景及其於論著中如何受儒家經典影響，並未為過往一眾論者廣泛注意，但觀《全唐文》對子玄的評價，稱「子玄博識，誠則純儒」，由此可見，唐時人對於劉知幾的學術焦點並不在史學，恰正在其儒學。 / 晚唐柳璨指摘劉知幾《史通》議駁經典過當，為批評《史通》菲薄經典之始，至近人呂思勉猶稱其「邃於史而疏於經」，雖自梁啟超起意圖匡正歷來學者對劉知幾的誤解，但不論學者採取批評抑或肯定的論說立場，並皆以為劉知幾論說有悖儒家經典，甚至以為劉知幾貶抑經書以求推尊史學。但筆者嘗試蒐集書證，得見一眾論說其實未有深究劉知幾的經學內涵，即論斷其著述意圖，實有偏頗之弊。 / 本文欲從《史通》內外分篇準則的角度切入，析述《史通》內篇辨義、外篇言事之編排體例，且以此理解《史通》出現「詆毀」經書論說，旨在論史事真偽，非關經義，藉以肯定劉知幾殆非「離經叛道」之徒。 / 再以《史通》及相關史籍著述論及儒家經典的條目為研究對象，比對初唐相關經學論說，以歸納劉知幾的經學思想，當中包括了對《尚書》、《春秋》相關經學議題的闡發，以及詮釋三《禮》、《周易》、《詩經》的傾向與特點。 / 最後，將《史通》說經論述置於經學史的發展脈絡下審視，得見《史通》「疑古」「惑經」乃上承王充學說，又因唐初經學治學風氣崇尚自由，得以包容接納有異於《正義》的論見。其次，透過梳理唐以後相關經說，但見作為史書類之《史通》對經學方面的影響，包括《春秋》學派繼承「捨傳求經」之風，而後世經學論述對劉知幾學說之廣泛引用，因之，本文以為劉知幾學識在經學範疇亦有影響力，實需重新考量劉知幾於經學史上的地位。 / As a celebrated scholar in Tang Dynasty, Liu ZhiJi（劉知幾） expressed his thoughts in the works of Shi Tong（史通）. Shi Tong, an echo-making significance in the history of Chinese historiography. It does not only make a summary of historical records in the past, but also provide a guideline for the later historiographers. Therefore, the mainstream of research on Liu, is about the historical thoughts. However, we have to realize that, Liu’s thoughts on Classics studies have also been mainly included in Shi Tong. Moreover, Quan Tang Wen（全唐文） said "Liu is a knowledge man, can be called an absolute Confucian scholar." This has shown that the essence of Liu’ study is on Confucian Classic but not on history. / In Shi Tong, Liu points out the advantages and disadvantages of the historical records, even Saint Confucian Classic. Liu Can（柳璨） in later Tang Dynasty, reprimands it as "Absurd accusation of the sages and Saint". There are even more commentaries in Shi Tong in modern time, yet most held biased views. After reviewing the research of previous scholars, we found that, regarding the research of Classic study in Shi Tong still somewhat weak even Tang Dynasty, in the past decades. / This paper starts from discussing the writing system of Shi Tong. Shi Tong is divided into inside and outside parts. According to the research, the inside part is talk about the theory of historical writing, and the outside part focus on the historical fact. The differences between these structures, help us to understand Liu’s concept of Confucian Classic. He did not doubt about the value of Confucian classic, but use the paradigm of the history to seek the fact of history in the Classic writings. / The second part of this paper, is to analyze the thoughts of Classic in Shi Tong. It divides into 5 chapters to talks about Shang Shu, Chun Qiu, Li Ji, Zhou Yi and Shi Jing, These chapters attempt to show the deeply studies on Shi Tong’ explanations and interpretation of Classic. Through the discussion of Liu’s thoughts of Classic study, we can understand more clearly about Liu’s distinct mentality and academic survey. / In the third part of this paper, we re-examine the background of Liu’s world culture. Even some scholars may recognized Liu’s doubt about Classic, and simply labeled or explained this phenomenon, saying Said that Liu’s thought was deviated from authority unifying thought of Classics. Liu didn’t follow or opposed the predecessors blindly. At the same time, Liu created his own views of Classic study. He approved and developed the critical spirit of Wang Chong(王充), who said "Hate bitterly dishonest and absurd gossip." Meanwhile, the atmosphere of Classic study in the early of Tang Dynasty is quiet free comparatively speaking. That is the reason that Liu voiced his doubt on the Classic. / To find out Liu’s basic thoughts, or the reason he doubted about the classic, was pursuing the historical fact. He wouldn’t want to overthrow the authoritative status of Classic, and his inner intension was to renewal the Classic. It is closed to the proposition of new Chun Qiu party. Liu’s viewpoints on Classic issues were approved in Tang Dynasty. Furthermore, the views were also being adopted in the Classic works in the following decades. It shows that, Liu occupied an important position in the history of Classic study. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / 劉璐. / Thesis (M.Phil.) Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2014. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 214-235). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Liu Lu.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_1202968 |
| Date | January 2014 |
| Contributors | 劉璐 (author.), Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Chinese Language and Literature. (degree granting institution.), Liu, Lu (author.) |
| Source Sets | The Chinese University of Hong Kong |
| Language | Chinese, English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Text, bibliography, text |
| Format | electronic resource, electronic resource, remote, 1 online resource (235 leaves), computer, online resource |
| Rights | Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) |
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