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Study of hepatotoxicity induced by pyrrolizidine alkaloid-containing Chinese medicinal herbs.

Li Mi. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 125-136). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / 論文摘要 --- p.iv / Publications --- p.vi / Acknowledgement --- p.vii / Abbreviations --- p.viii / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Pyrrolizidine alkaloids --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Distribution and plant sources --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Structures and nomenclature --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2 --- PA-containing Chinese medicinal herbs --- p.6 / Chapter 1.3 --- PA-induced toxicity。 --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Acute toxicity and chronic toxicity --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Genotoxicity --- p.8 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Tumorigenicity --- p.8 / Chapter 1.3.4 --- Hepatotoxicity --- p.8 / Chapter 1.3.5 --- Mechanism of toxic effects --- p.9 / Chapter 1.3.5.1 --- Metabolic pathways --- p.10 / Chapter 1.3.5.2 --- Liver tissue-bound pyrroles --- p.16 / Chapter 1.3.5.3 --- Metabolizing enzymes --- p.17 / Chapter 1.3.5.3.1 --- Phase I metabolizing enzymes --- p.17 / Chapter 1.3.5.3.2 --- Phase II metabolizing enzymes --- p.18 / Chapter 1.3.5.4 --- Species and gender specificity toward toxicity --- p.19 / Chapter 1.3.5.5 --- Structure-activity relationships --- p.20 / Chapter 1.4 --- Prevention of PAs-induced toxicity --- p.23 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Significance of prevention in humans --- p.23 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Regulations toward preventing toxicity induced by PAs --- p.24 / Chapter 1.5 --- Aim of the present study --- p.25 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of PA-containing Chinese Medicinal Herbs --- p.26 / Chapter 2.1 --- Materials and equipments --- p.27 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Herbal materials --- p.27 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Chemicals and solvents --- p.27 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Equipment and instrumentation --- p.27 / Chapter 2.2 --- Preparation of herbal extracts。 --- p.28 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Crude herbal extract --- p.28 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Total pyrrolizidine alkaloid extract --- p.28 / Chapter 2.3 --- Qualitative and quantitative analysis of Ligularia hodgsonii --- p.29 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Methods --- p.29 / Chapter 2.3.1.1 --- HPLC-UV condition --- p.29 / Chapter 2.3.1.2 --- HPLC-MS condition --- p.29 / Chapter 2.3.1.3 --- Calibration curve for clivorine --- p.29 / Chapter 2.3.1.4 --- Recovery test --- p.30 / Chapter 2.3.1.5 --- Sample test --- p.30 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Results and discussions --- p.30 / Chapter 2.3.2.1 --- Qualitative analysis of PAs in Ligularia hodgsonii --- p.30 / Chapter 2.3.2.2 --- Calibration curve for clivorine --- p.35 / Chapter 2.3.2.3 --- Result of the recovery test --- p.37 / Chapter 2.3.2.4 --- Quantification of PAs in Ligularia hodgsonii --- p.37 / Chapter 2.4 --- Qualitative and quantitative analysis of Tussilago farfara --- p.37 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Methods --- p.38 / Chapter 2.4.1.1 --- HPLC-UV condition --- p.38 / Chapter 2.4.1.2 --- HPLC-MS condition --- p.39 / Chapter 2.4.1.3 --- Calibration curve for senkirkine --- p.39 / Chapter 2.4.1.4 --- Recovery test --- p.39 / Chapter 2.4.1.5 --- Sample test --- p.39 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Results and discussions --- p.40 / Chapter 2.4.2.1 --- Qualitative analysis of senkirkine in Tussilago farfara --- p.40 / Chapter 2.4.2.2 --- Calibration curve for senkirkine --- p.42 / Chapter 2.4.2.3 --- Result of the recovery test --- p.42 / Chapter 2.4.2.4 --- Quantification of senkirkine in Tussilago farfara --- p.43 / Chapter 2.5 --- Qualitative and quantitative analysis of Gynura segetum --- p.43 / Chapter 2.5.1 --- Methods --- p.43 / Chapter 2.5.1.1 --- HPLC-UV condition --- p.43 / Chapter 2.5.1.2 --- HPLC-MS condition --- p.44 / Chapter 2.5.1.3 --- Calibration curves for senecionine and seneciphylline --- p.44 / Chapter 2.5.1.4 --- Recovery test… --- p.44 / Chapter 2.5.1.5 --- Sample test --- p.44 / Chapter 2.5.2 --- Results and discussions。 --- p.45 / Chapter 2.5.2.1 --- Qualitative analysis of PAs in Gynura segetum --- p.45 / Chapter 2.5.2.2 --- Calibration curves for senecionine and seneciphylline --- p.49 / Chapter 2.5.2.3 --- Result of the recovery test --- p.49 / Chapter 2.5.2.4 --- Quantification of PAs in Gynura segetum --- p.49 / Chapter 2.6 --- Qualitative and quantitative analysis of Crotalaria sessiliflora --- p.50 / Chapter 2.6.1 --- Methods --- p.50 / Chapter 2.6.1.1 --- HPLC-UV condition --- p.50 / Chapter 2.6.1.2 --- HPLC-MS condition --- p.50 / Chapter 2.6.1.3 --- Calibration curve --- p.51 / Chapter 2.6.1.4 --- Recovery test --- p.51 / Chapter 2.6.1.5 --- Sample test --- p.51 / Chapter 2.6.2 --- Results and discussions --- p.52 / Chapter 2.6.2.1 --- Qualitative analysis of monocrotaline in Crotalaria sessiliflora --- p.52 / Chapter 2.6.2.2 --- Calibration curve for monocrotaline --- p.54 / Chapter 2.6.2.3 --- Result of the recovery test --- p.54 / Chapter 2.6.2.4 --- Quantification of PAs in Crotalaria sessiliflora --- p.55 / Chapter 2.7 --- Qualitative and quantitative analysis of Senecio scandens --- p.55 / Chapter 2.7.1 --- Methods --- p.55 / Chapter 2.7.1.1 --- HPLC-UV condition --- p.55 / Chapter 2.7.1.2 --- HPLC-MS condition --- p.56 / Chapter 2.7.1.3 --- Sample test --- p.56 / Chapter 2.7.2 --- Results and discussions --- p.56 / Chapter 2.7.2.1 --- Qualitative analysis of PAs in Senecio scandens --- p.56 / Chapter 2.7.2.2 --- Quantification of PAs in Senecio scandens --- p.59 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Hepatotoxicity Induced by PA-containing Chinese Medicinal Herbs --- p.60 / Chapter 3.1 --- Materials and methods --- p.62 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Reagents --- p.62 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Animal models --- p.62 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Determination of the serum ALT activity --- p.64 / Chapter 3.1.4 --- Determination of hepatic GSH level --- p.68 / Chapter 3.1.5 --- Quantitation of liver tissue-bound pyrroles --- p.69 / Chapter 3.1.6 --- Histological assessment of liver morphological changes --- p.70 / Chapter 3.1.7 --- Assessment of hepatocytes apoptosis --- p.71 / Chapter 3.1.8 --- Statistical analysis --- p.72 / Chapter 3.2 --- Results and discussion --- p.72 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Calibration curves --- p.72 / Chapter 3.2.1.1 --- Calibration curve for the determination of serum ALT activity --- p.72 / Chapter 3.2.1.2 --- Calibration curve of determination of hepatic GSH level --- p.73 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Hepatotoxicity Study of Crotalaria sessiliflora --- p.74 / Chapter 3.2.2.1 --- Hepatotoxicity at 24 hrs after treatment --- p.74 / Chapter 3.2.2.1.1 --- Correlation between dosage of monocrotaline in Crotalaria sessiliflora and amount of liver tissue-bound pyrroles --- p.74 / Chapter 3.2.2.1.2 --- Effects of Crotalaria sessiliflora on the serum ALT activity --- p.79 / Chapter 3.2.2.1.3 --- The correlation between the elevated level of ALT activity and apoptosis of liver cells --- p.85 / Chapter 3.2.2.1.4 --- Effects of Crotalaria sessiliflora on the hepatic GSH level --- p.86 / Chapter 3.2.2.1.5 --- Histological changes of liver sections --- p.89 / Chapter 3.2.2.2 --- Hepatotoxicity within 4 days after administration --- p.92 / Chapter 3.2.2.3 --- Sub-acute hepatotoxicity within 14 days after administration --- p.93 / Chapter 3.2.2.4 --- Conclusion in hepatotoxicity study of Crotalaria sessiliflora --- p.99 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Hepatotoxicity Study of Gynura segetum --- p.102 / Chapter 3.2.3.1 --- Correlation between the dosage of PAs present in Gynura segetum and the amount of liver tissue-bound pyrroles --- p.102 / Chapter 3.2.3.2 --- "Effects of Gynura segetum on serum ALT activity, hepatic GSH level and morphological changes of liver" --- p.104 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Hepatotoxicity Study of Ligularia hodgsonii --- p.108 / Chapter 3.2.4.1 --- Correlation between the dosage of PAs present in Ligularia hodgsonii and the formation of liver tissue-bound pyrroles --- p.108 / Chapter 3.2.4.2 --- Effects of Ligularia hodgsonii on serum ALT activity and hepatic GSH level --- p.111 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- Hepatotoxicity Study of Tussilago farfara --- p.113 / Chapter 3.2.6 --- Hepatotoxicity Study of PA-containing medicinal herbs --- p.115 / Chapter 3.2.6.1 --- Correlation between formation of liver tissue-bound pyrroles and elevated serum ALT level --- p.115 / Chapter 3.2.6.2 --- Correlation between dosage of PAs and amount of liver tissue-bound pyrroles --- p.117 / Chapter 3.2.7 --- Test of Liver Tissue-bound Pyrroles as a biomarker using Senecionis scandentis --- p.118 / Chapter 3.2.8 --- Conclusions --- p.120 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- General Conclusions --- p.121 / Chapter 4.1 --- Qualitative and quantitative analysis of five PA-containing medicinal herbs --- p.121 / Chapter 4.2 --- Hepatotoxicity induced by PA-containing medicinal herbs in rats --- p.122 / Chapter 4.3 --- The correlation between hepatotoxicity induced by PA-containing medicinal herbs and the formation of liver tissue-bound pyrroles --- p.123 / Chapter 4.4 --- Threshold of the amount of liver tissue-bound pyrroles related to the hepatotoxicity induced by PA-containing medicinal herbs --- p.123 / References --- p.125

Identiferoai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_326541
Date January 2008
ContributorsLi, Mi., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Pharmacology.
Source SetsThe Chinese University of Hong Kong
LanguageEnglish, Chinese
Detected LanguageEnglish
TypeText, bibliography
Formatprint, xiii, 136 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm.
CoverageChina, China
RightsUse of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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