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000718986.pdf: 3601693 bytes, checksum: a1d7686e4bcd79afb4ce00bd5d120359 (MD5) / Com a crescente preocupação em preservação do meio ambiente e qualidade de vida da população, observa-se um aumento de 95% na quantidade de esgoto tratado no Brasil entre 2000 e 2008. Entretanto, tal evento acarreta na geração de um resíduo denominado lodo de esgoto que é geralmente disposto em aterros sanitários licenciados para este fim. A problemática atual é o fato de que tais aterros já não comportam mais tanto lodo, e é necessária uma alternativa viável de descarte desse resíduo. Para tanto, torna-se imprescindível a caracterização química e comportamento térmico do lodo de esgoto para futuros estudos de reaproveitamento e alocação. Neste estudo, apresentam-se a caracterização química e estudo de decomposição térmica dos lodos das estações de tratamento das cidades de Jaú e São Carlos, ambas no estado de São Paulo. As amostras foram coletadas e tratadas de acordo com cada técnica de análise. O lodo de Jáu apresentou 70% de sua massa de matéria orgânica, enquanto que o lodo de São Carlos apresentou 55%, segundo a análise termogravimétrica. A presença de matéria orgânica nos lodos foi confirmada através das técnicas de demanda química de oxigênio, difratometria de Raios-X e espectroscopia na região do infravermelho. Houve diferença no tamanho de partículas dos lodos, enquanto Jaú apresentou partículas maiores, com cerca de 860nm, São Carlos possui partículas em torno de 310nm. A partir da análise de espectroscopia de absorção atômica, obteve-se a concentração de metais nos lodos e observou-se que esta encontra-se dentro do limite máximo permitido pela legislação vigente no Brasil para reuso como fertilizante agrícola, de acordo somente com este parâmetro. Entretanto, a análise de compostos orgânicos através da cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de... / With the growing concern for environmental preservation and quality of life, there is increase of 95% in the amount of treated sewage in Brazil between 2000 and 2008. However, it leads in the generation of a residue named sewage sludge which is generally disposed in sanitary landfills licensed to this application. The current problem is the fact of such landfills no longer can storage much more sludge, and it is required a viable alternative for disposal of this waste. Therefore, chemical characterization and thermal behavior of sewage sludge becomes essential for posterior reuse studies and storage. This study presents the chemical characterization and study of thermal decomposition of sewage sludge from treatment plants of the cities of São Carlos and Jaú, both in the São Paulo state. The samples were collected and handled according to each analysis technique requirements. The amount of organic matter, in mass fraction, in the sludge of Jau was 70%, while the sludge of São Carlos was 55%, according to the thermal analysis. The presence of organic matter in the sludge was confirmed by the techniques of chemical oxygen demand, X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. The size of the sludge particles of Jaú was around 860nm, while the sludge of São Carlos was around 310nm. The analysis of atomic absorption spectroscopy showed that the concentrations of metals in the sludge samples were according the Brazilian law for reuse as agricultural fertilizer, according only to this parameter. However, the analysis of organic compounds by gas chromatography mass spectrometry indicated the presence of numerous compounds which are not cited in the law and are potentially harmful to the environment. The kinetic evaluation showed the effect of kinetics compensation on the reaction of degradation of organic matter... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/97814 |
| Date | 22 February 2013 |
| Creators | Daré, Denise [UNESP] |
| Contributors | Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Crespi, Marisa Spirandeli [UNESP], Almeida, Sonia de [UNESP] |
| Publisher | Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | 83 f. |
| Source | Aleph, reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP, instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista, instacron:UNESP |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | -1, -1, -1 |
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