This thesis proposes to predict the sound emitted from low-speed fans and its scattered-field by installation effects related to industrial applications. Both tonal and broadband components of fan noise are investigated. Methods existing in the literature contain assumptions and simplifications in order to deal with fan noise problems in analytical manner, such as consideration of an observer located in the far-field of the source. Firstly, the effect of far-field assumption in the tonal fan noise formulation is addressed. Using artificial blade sources, a comparison between two closed-form analytical solutions and a numerical technique is performed for validation in free-field. Secondly, the scattered field of the tonal fan noise is investigated using numerical and analytical techniques. The acoustic field of a rotor operating in a finite duct is first investigated combining the closed-form analytical formulations with the Boundary Element Method (BEM). Since BEM would be computationally demanding for high frequency applications, analytical scattering techniques are also introduced. Reflection and scattering of sound waves by a large plane are first addressed replacing the plane with an image source. Secondly, an exact analytical solution considering scattering of the tonal fan noise by a rigid corner is derived. Another point addressed in this thesis is the prediction of the broadband noise generated by a low-speed axial fan operating in turbulent stream. Amiet's theory of turbulence-interaction noise for a stationary air foil is considered. One of the key points proposed in this thesis is an extension of Amiet's method, allowing prediction of the acoustic field of the airfoil in its geometrical near-field in a semi-analytical perspective. The extended formulation is compared with Amiet's classical solution and a reference solution obtained with numerical integration involving no geometrical far-field assumption. Experiments are also performed in anechoic chamber using an isolated airfoil located in grid generated turbulence. Another assumption made in Amiet's theory is the consideration of uniform flow impinging onto the airfoil. However this assumption is not valid for most industrial applications. Different methods exist in literature to deal with this problem. A new approach is proposed in order to take the span wise varying flow conditions into account. Including all the improvements, the broadband acoustic responses of a stationary airfoil located in the developing region of a jet and of a low-speed axial fan operating in a turbulent stream are investigated and validated against measurements. Finally, scattering of the sound generated by the considered airfoil and fan by benchmark obstacles is addressed numerically and analytically. Since BEM is not capable to handle statistical source fields directly, an innovative approach obtained by re-formulating the deterministic BEM method is employed. The final model is compared to the numerical, analytical and experimental solutions for validation purposes.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CCSD/oai:tel.archives-ouvertes.fr:tel-00758274 |
| Date | 22 March 2012 |
| Creators | Kücükcoskun, Korcan |
| Publisher | Ecole Centrale de Lyon |
| Source Sets | CCSD theses-EN-ligne, France |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | PhD thesis |
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