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Previous issue date: 2014-01-10 / The Lycopodium genus plants contain secondary metabolites that make them a potential source of pharmacologically active compounds. The extract of the specie Lycopodium clavatum L. presents anticholinesterase, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal activities. The supercritical fluid extraction has several advantages compared to traditional extraction techniques. Therefore, this study aimed metabolites Lycopodium clavatum L. extraction thru supercritical CO2 process. The supercritical fluid pressure and temperature as well the pretreatment time (soaking the plant in basic solution) influences in lycopodine alkaloid content in the extract were evaluated by an incomplete factorial design with three factors and three levels (Box-Behnken) and response surface methodology. The extract was subjected to Stas-Otto acid-base process and then analyzed by mass spectrometry coupled gas chromatography. The content of lycopodine was defined by normalizing peak areas of the chromatogram. The pressure was evaluated between 200 and 300 bar, the temperature between 40 to 60?C and the immersion time was zero to two hours. Oniy pressure and temperature were statistically significant, for this reason they are ideal parameters for extraction: 300 bar, 40?C, without immersion of the plant in the alkaline solution. Under these conditions we obtained a content of 20.19% of lycopodine the final extract was raised and the yield curve as a function of extraction time. This curve was modeled mathematically, with good fit, for models of Crank (1975), Sovov? (1994) and Reverchon (1996). Thus parameters related the mass transfer were estimated such as difusion coefficient and mass transfer coefficient, which are important for scale-.up and process simulation. In this study, the extraction with supercritical CO2 was found toe technically feasible to obtain lycopodine, since it is more selective and with higher yields compared to the ethanol extraction case. / Plantas do g?nero Lycopodium cont?m metab?litos secund?rios que as tornam uma potencial fonte de compostos farmacologicamente ativos. O extrato da esp?cie Lycopodium clavatum L. apresenta atividade anticolinester?sica, anti-inflamat?ria, antibacteriana, antiviral e antif?ngica. A extra??o com fluido supercr?tico, frente a t?cnicas tradicionais de extra??o, apresenta diversas vantagens quando aplicada a diferentes esp?cies vegetais. Assim, o presente estudo teve por objetivo a aplica??o do processo com CO2 supercr?tico para a extra??o de metab?litos da Lycopodium clavatum L. Foram avaliadas, atrav?s de um planejamento fatorial incompleto com tr?s fatores e tr?s n?veis (Box-Behnken) e da metodologia de superf?cie de resposta, as influ?ncias da press?o e temperatura do fluido supercr?tico e do tempo de pr?-tratamento (imers?o da planta em solu??o b?sica) no teor do alcal?ide licopodina no extrato. O extrato era purificado pelo processo ?cido-base de Stas-Otto e ent?o analisado por cromatografia gasosa acoplada ? espectrometria de massas, sendo o teor de licopodina definido pela normaliza??o das ?reas dos picos do cromatograma. A press?o foi avaliada entre 200 e 300 bar, a temperatura entre 40 a 60?C e o tempo de imers?o foi de zero a duas horas. Apenas press?o e temperatura foram estatisticamente significativas, sendo ent?o par?metros ideais para a extra??o: 300 bar, 40?C, sem a imers?o da planta na solu??o alcalina. Nessas condi??es, obteve-se um teor de 20,29% de licopodina no extrato final e foi levantada a curva de rendimento da extra??o em fun??o tempo. A curva foi modelada matematicamente, com bom ajuste, pelos modelos de Crank (1975), Sovov? (1994) e Reverchon (1996). Assim, foram estimados par?metros relacionados ? transfer?ncia de massa, importantes para simula??o e scale-up do processo, tais como o coeficiente de difus?o e coeficientes de transfer?ncia de massa. Nesse estudo, a extra??o com CO2 supercr?tico mostrou-se tecnicamente vi?vel para a obten??o de licopodina, sendo mais seletiva em rela??o ao processo de extra??o com etanol.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:tede2.pucrs.br:tede/3247 |
| Date | 10 January 2014 |
| Creators | Silva, Graciane Fabiela da |
| Contributors | Vargas, Rubem Mario Figueiro |
| Publisher | Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Engenharia e Tecnologia de Materiais, PUCRS, BR, Faculdade de Engenharia |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS, instname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, instacron:PUC_RS |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | -7432719344215120122, 500, 600, -655770572761439785 |
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