Dissertação(mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, 2011. / Submitted by Alaíde Gonçalves dos Santos (alaide@unb.br) on 2012-03-23T15:42:52Z
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2011_HugoDesouzaMottaMoreira.pdf: 1295206 bytes, checksum: a09a50b2ac8983dc5e4a8bfdcad3bcec (MD5) / Dentre as frutas produzidas o maracujazeiro está em franca ascensão no Brasil. Entretanto, o cultivo enfrenta diversos problemas na produção e qualidade de frutos causados por, entre outros fatores, fitopatógenos e a falta de materiais superiores. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a produtividade, qualidade de frutos e a resistência de progênies de maracujazeiro azedo a virose do endurecimento dos frutos (Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic vírus-CABMV) e verrugose (Cladosporium sp.) bem como estimar parâmetros genéticos que qualificam a influência genética e ambiental nos caracteres propiciando fonte de estratégias de melhoramento genético. O experimento foi realizado na Fazenda Água Lima, utilizando o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, com 32 tratamentos (progênies) e quatro repetições, sendo a parcela útil constituída por oito plantas. As progênies avaliadas foram: PLANTA 6, MAR20#40, PLANTA 1, MAR20#29, MAR22#2005, ROXO AUSTRALIANO, MAR20#15, MSC, RC3, RUBI GIGANTE, ARO1, ARO2, MAR20#49, BRS SOL DO CERRADO, MAR20#06, PLANTA 5, MAR20#23, PLANTA 4, PLANTA 2, PLANTA 7, MAR20#03, EC30, MAR20#10, MAR20#34, MAR20#21, FB200, FP01, BRS GIGANTE AMARELO, EC-RAM, GA2, REDONDÃO e MAR20#39. Em campo, foram realizadas 20 colheitas em que se determinou produtividade e número de frutos por hectare, massa média dos frutos (g); classificação dos frutos em cinco classes (primeira, 1B, 1A, 2A e 3A) de acordo com o diâmetro equatorial. Os resultados para o desempenho agronômico mostraram na avaliação geral que houve uma maior produtividade estimada e quantidade de frutos da progênie MAR20#23 (15.474 kg/ha), acima da média nacional, a qual também obteve maior rendimento para frutos 1B. BRS Gigante Amarelo foi a progênie mais produtiva para frutos de primeira (3.343 kg/ha ;53.939 fruto/ha) e AR01 se destacou entre os frutos classe 2A (17.094 frutos/ha; 3.706 kg/ha), ideais para consumo in natura. A maior massa média total por fruto foi obtida pela MSC (155g). Para produtividade total estimada observou-se valor de herdabilidade (ha2) de 65%, com razão CVg/CVe de 0,68, 71% para número total de frutos, com razão CVg/CVe de 0,78, e número de frutos de primeira com ha2 = 81%. A razão CVg/CVe foi menor que 1 para a maioria das variáveis resposta. Para avaliação da reação das progênies quanto às doenças, foram feitas avaliações em frutos para cladosporiose e em folhas para virose, considerando incidência, severidade da doença e porcentagem de plantas resistentes. Todas foram
viii classificadas como moderadamente resistentes a virose, sendo que Planta 4 apresentou baixos valores de severidade e incidência e maior porcentagem de plantas resistentes. A herdabilidade para severidade, incidência e porcentagem de plantas resistentes a virose foi: 55%, 37% e 47% respectivamente. Observou-se que a razão CVg/CVe foi menor que 1 para todas as características avaliadas. Quanto a verrugose, a progênie Planta 2 foi considerada moderadamente suscetível. As herdabilidades da severidade e da incidência resultaram em 51% e 57% respectivamente. Por sua vez, a razão (CVg/CVe) foi menor que 1 para todas as características avaliadas. Nesse sentido, os materiais genéticos mostraram consideráveis perspectivas para serem usados em futuros cruzamentos, dando continuidade à pesquisa de melhoramento genético do maracujazeiro visando produtividade e resistência a doenças. _______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT / Among the fruits produced, passionfruit is potentialy growing in Brazil. However, the crop faces several problems in production and fruit quality caused by pathogens and the absence of superior materials. In this context, the present work was carried out to evaluate the productivity, fruit quality and resistance of progenies to Passionfruit woodiness virus (Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus-CABMV) and to scab (Cladosporium sp.), as well to estimate parameters which qualify the genetic and environmental influence on genetic characters providing a source of genetic improvement strategies. The experiment was conducted at Água Limpa Farm, using randomized block experimental design with 32 treatments (progenies) and four replications, and the useful portion consists of eight plants. The progenies were: PLANTA 6, MAR20#40, PLANTA 1, MAR20#29, MAR22#2005, ROXO AUSTRALIANO, MAR20#15, MSC, RC3, RUBI GIGANTE, ARO1, ARO2, MAR20#49, BRS SOL DO CERRADO, MAR20#06, PLANTA
Among the fruits produced, passionfruit is potentialy growing in Brazil. However, the crop faces several problems in production and fruit quality caused by pathogens and the absence of superior materials. In this context, the present work was carried out to evaluate the productivity, fruit quality and resistance of progenies to Passionfruit woodiness virus (Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus-CABMV) and to scab (Cladosporium sp.), as well to estimate parameters which qualify the genetic and environmental influence on genetic characters providing a source of genetic improvement strategies. The experiment was conducted at Água Limpa Farm, using randomized block experimental design with 32 treatments (progenies) and four replications, and the useful portion consists of eight plants. The progenies were: PLANTA 6, MAR20#40, PLANTA 1, MAR20#29, MAR22#2005, ROXO AUSTRALIANO, MAR20#15, MSC, RC3, RUBI GIGANTE, ARO1, ARO2, MAR20#49, BRS SOL DO CERRADO, MAR20#06, PLANTA 5, MAR20#23, PLANTA 4, PLANTA 2, PLANTA 7, MAR20#03, EC30, MAR20#10, MAR20#34, MAR20#21, FB200, FP01, BRS GIGANTE AMARELO, EC-RAM, GA2, REDONDÃO and MAR20#39. In the field, during 20 evaluations, it was determined productivity and number of fruits per hectare, the average mass of fruits (g) and classification of fruits into 5 types (first, 1B, 1A, 2A and 3A) in accordance to equatorial diameter. The results for agronomic performance showed that there was a higher estimated productivity and quantity of fruit in the progeny MAR20#23 (15,474 kg/ha), over the national average, which also had higher yield for fruits 1B. BRS Gigante Amarelo was the most productive progeny in first fruits type (3343 kg/ha, 53,939 fruit/ha) and AR01 distinguished itself for 2A fruits type (17,094 fruits/ha, 3,706 kg/ha), ideal for in natura consumption. The higher total average mass per fruit was obtained by the MSC (155g). In order to estimate total productivity there was observed value of inheritability (ha2) of 65%, with reason CVg/CVe of 0.68, 71% for total number of fruits, reason CVg/CVe 0.78, and number of fruits first type with ha2=81%. The reason CVg/CVe was less than 1 for most response variables. To estimate the progenies reaction to diseases, were evaluated scab symptoms in fruits and virus symptoms in leaves, considering the incidence, disease severity and percentage of resistant plants. All were classified as moderately resistant to virus, which Plant 4 had low levels of severity
and incidence, and higher percentage of resistant plants. Inheritability for severity, incidence and percentage of plants resistant to viral infection was 55%, 37% and 47% respectively. It was observed that the reason CVg/CVe was less than 1 for all traits. To scab, progeny Plant 2 was considered moderately susceptible. Inheritability of the incidence and severity resulted in 51% and 57% respectively. In turn, the reason (CVg/CVe) was less than 1 for all traits. In this sense, genetic materials showed considerable prospects for use in future crosses, continuing the search for plant breeding in order to yeld and passion fruit disease resistance.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.unb.br:10482/10154 |
| Date | 18 June 2011 |
| Creators | Moreira, Hugo de Souza Motta |
| Contributors | Peixoto, José Ricardo, Junqueira, Nilton Tadeu Vilela |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, instname:Universidade de Brasília, instacron:UNB |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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