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An attempt to establish an osteoporotic animal model.

Siu Wing Sum. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 135-150). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / ABSTRACT (ENGLISH VERSION) --- p.i / ABSTRACT (CHINESE VERSION) --- p.v / ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.viii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.ix / LIST OF TABLES --- p.xiii / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.xv / LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS --- p.xix / Chapter CHAPTER 1: --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Epidemiology of Osteoporosis --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Prevalence and social aspects of osteoporosis --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Osteoporotic bone fracture --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Difficulties on fixation of osteoporotic bone fracture --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2 --- Physiology of osteoporotic bone --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Composition --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Architecture --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Bone remodelling --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3 --- Method to develop osteoporotic animal models --- p.9 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Requirements for an ideal animal model --- p.9 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Common animal models --- p.9 / Chapter 1.3.2.1 --- "Rodents, guinea pigs and rabbits" --- p.9 / Chapter 1.3.2.2 --- Non-human primates --- p.10 / Chapter 1.3.2.3 --- Dogs and pigs --- p.11 / Chapter 1.3.2.4 --- Sheep and goats --- p.12 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Ovariectomy --- p.13 / Chapter 1.3.4 --- Restricted calcium diet --- p.17 / Chapter 1.4 --- Assessment of osteoporosis development --- p.18 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Photo densitometry --- p.18 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Bone densitometry by using Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (pQCT) --- p.19 / Chapter 1.4.3 --- Biomechanics of osteoporotic bone --- p.21 / Chapter 1.4.3.1 --- Screw pullout test --- p.22 / Chapter 1.4.3.2 --- Indentation test --- p.22 / Chapter 1.4.4 --- Biochemical markers of bone turnover --- p.23 / Chapter 1.4.4.1 --- Bone formation markers --- p.24 / Chapter 1.4.4.1.1 --- Bone-specific Alkaline Phosphatase (BALP) --- p.25 / Chapter 1.4.4.1.2 --- Osteocalcin (OC) --- p.26 / Chapter 1.4.4.2 --- Bone resorption markers --- p.27 / Chapter 1.4.4.2.1 --- Deoxypyridinoline (Dpd) --- p.28 / Chapter 1.4.4.2.2 --- Creatinine --- p.29 / Chapter 1.5 --- Objectives --- p.30 / Chapter CHAPTER 2: --- METHODOLOGY --- p.32 / Chapter 2.1 --- Establishment of osteoporotic animal model --- p.32 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Animal arrangement --- p.32 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Ovariectomy --- p.34 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Restricted calcium diet --- p.36 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Confirmation of successful ovariectomy --- p.36 / Chapter 2.1.4.1 --- Histological assessment --- p.36 / Chapter 2.1.4.2 --- Biochemcial assessment --- p.37 / Chapter 2.2 --- Assessment of osteopenia development --- p.38 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Photodensitometry --- p.39 / Chapter 2.2.1.1 --- Radiography --- p.39 / Chapter 2.2.1.2 --- Microradiograpgy --- p.39 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Bone mineral density (BMD) measurement --- p.41 / Chapter 2.2.2.1 --- Iliac crest biopsy --- p.41 / Chapter 2.2.2.2 --- Bone autopsy --- p.43 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Biomechanical tests --- p.44 / Chapter 2.2.3.1 --- Screw insertion and pullout test --- p.45 / Chapter 2.2.3.1.1 --- Femora --- p.47 / Chapter 2.2.3.1.2 --- Tibiae --- p.48 / Chapter 2.2.3.1.3 --- Lumbar vertebrae --- p.59 / Chapter 2.2.3.2 --- Indentation test --- p.51 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- Biochemical markers measurement --- p.53 / Chapter 2.2.4.1 --- Blood collection --- p.53 / Chapter 2.2.4.2 --- Urine collection --- p.53 / Chapter 2.2.4.3 --- Bone-specific Alkaline Phosphatase (BALP) --- p.54 / Chapter 2.2.4.4 --- Osteocalcin (OC) --- p.55 / Chapter 2.2.4.4.1 --- Sample and reagent preparation --- p.55 / Chapter 2.2.4.4.2 --- Measurement --- p.56 / Chapter 2.2.4.5 --- Deoxypyridinoline (Dpd) and urine creatinine --- p.57 / Chapter 2.2.4.5.1 --- Sample and reagent preparation --- p.58 / Chapter 2.2.4.5.2 --- Measurement --- p.59 / Chapter 2.2.4.5.3 --- Standardization of urine concentration --- p.59 / Chapter 2.3 --- Statistical analysis --- p.60 / Chapter CHAPTER 3: --- RESULTS --- p.61 / Chapter 3.1 --- Animal distribution --- p.61 / Chapter 3.2 --- Confirmation of successful ovariectomy --- p.65 / Chapter 3.3 --- Assessments in skeletal mature goats (Part I) --- p.66 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Estradiol (E2) assessment --- p.66 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Photo densitometry --- p.68 / Chapter 3.3.2.1 --- Proximal metaphysis of tibia --- p.69 / Chapter 3.3.2.2 --- Calcaneum --- p.70 / Chapter 3.3.2.3 --- Iliac crest biopsy --- p.72 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Bone mineral density (BMD) measurement - by peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (pQCT) --- p.72 / Chapter 3.3.3.1 --- Iliac crest biopsy --- p.74 / Chapter 3.3.3.2 --- Lumbar vertebrae autopsy --- p.76 / Chapter 3.3.3.3 --- Calcaneus and humeral heads autopsy --- p.78 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Biomechanical tests --- p.80 / Chapter 3.3.4.1 --- Screw pullout test --- p.80 / Chapter 3.3.4.2 --- Indentation test --- p.84 / Chapter 3.3.5 --- Biochemical markers --- p.86 / Chapter 3.3.5.1 --- Bone formation markers --- p.86 / Chapter 3.3.5.1.1 --- Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) --- p.86 / Chapter 3.3.5.1.2 --- Osteocalcin (〇C) --- p.88 / Chapter 3.3.5.2 --- Bone resorption marker 226}0ؤ Deoxypyridinoline (Dpd) --- p.90 / Chapter 3.4 --- Assessments in skeletal immature goats (Part II) --- p.92 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Estradiol (E2) assessment --- p.92 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Bone mineral density (BMD) measurement - by peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (pQCT) --- p.94 / Chapter 3.4.2.1 --- Iliac crest biopsy --- p.94 / Chapter 3.4.2.2 --- "Lumbar vertebra, calcaneum and humeral head autopsy" --- p.94 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Biomechanical tests --- p.98 / Chapter 3.4.3.1 --- Screw pullout test --- p.98 / Chapter 3.4.3.2 --- Indentation test --- p.102 / Chapter 3.4.4 --- Biochemical markers --- p.104 / Chapter 3.4.4.1 --- Bone formation markers --- p.104 / Chapter 3.4.4.1.1 --- Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) --- p.104 / Chapter 3.4.4.1.2 --- Osteocalcin (〇C) --- p.104 / Chapter 3.4.4.2 --- Bone resorption marker 226}0ؤ Deoxypyridinoline (Dpd) --- p.107 / Chapter CHAPTER 4: --- DISCUSSION --- p.109 / Chapter 4.1 --- Experiences from other osteoporotic animal models --- p.110 / Chapter 4.2 --- OVARIECTOMIZED SKELETAL MATURE GOATS FED WITH LOW CALCIUM DIET suffered from osteopenia --- p.111 / Chapter 4.3 --- "Technique of ovariectomy, calcium content in diet and skeletal maturity are the determinants of the successful establishment of osteopenic goat model" --- p.120 / Chapter 4.4 --- Bone mineral density (BMD) measurement of the iliac crest biopsy by PERIPHERAL QUANTITATIVE COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY (PQCT) IS THE BEST PARAMETER FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF OSTEOPENIA IN LIVING GOATS --- p.122 / Chapter 4.5 --- Further improvement of densitometric measurement --- p.123 / Chapter 4.6 --- Limitations of the present study --- p.125 / Chapter 4.7 --- Further studies --- p.129 / Chapter CHAPTER 5: --- CONCLUSION --- p.132 / Chapter CHAPTER 6: --- BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.135

Identiferoai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_323022
Date January 2000
ContributorsSiu, Wing Sum., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Surgical Sciences.
Source SetsThe Chinese University of Hong Kong
LanguageEnglish, Chinese
Detected LanguageEnglish
TypeText, bibliography
Formatprint, xix, 150 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm.
RightsUse of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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