Summaries in English, Afrikaans and Sepedi / The Limpopo Province is a disaster-prone province, with drought being the most common
natural disaster. From the year 2012 onwards, the province experienced extremely dry
conditions that culminated in a severe drought in 2016. This negatively impacted the
livelihoods of smallholder livestock farmers and the welfare of their livestock. The study
investigated the coping strategies that were adopted by smallholder livestock farmers during
drought conditions and the factors that were associated with animal loss during the drought that
affected the region between 2014 and 2016. A randomly selected sample of 281 smallholder
livestock farmers aged 18 years and older from the Greater Letaba Local Municipality
participated in the study. Structured interviews, aided by questionnaires were used to collect
the primary data. Proportions of categorical variables and the mean and standard deviation for
continuous variables were computed and presented as tables and figures. A Poisson regression
model was fitted to the data to identify factors that were significantly associated with loss of
animals during the drought. More than half (55.50%; n=116) of the participants were made
aware of the 2014–2016 drought through the agricultural extension officers, followed by
19.14% (n=40) who got to know about it through radio channels. More than half of the
participants (58.29%; n=123) were aware of the impending drought. The most common support
received from government agencies to help cope with the drought was in the form of animal
feed (80%; n=124). Although most of the farmers (73.55%; n=114) benefitted from the support
they received, slightly more than half (53.74%; n=151) did not cope well with the drought
conditions. While Bellevue (B=-0.199; 95% CI: -0.380 -0.019) was negatively associated with
loss of animals, Mokwakwaila (B=0.568; 95% CI: 0.405 0.731) had a strong positive
association with loss of animals. Being married (B=-0.060; 95% CI: -0.305 0.183) or divorced
(B= -0.035; 95% CI: -0.316 0.246) was negatively associated with loss of animals. Years of
experience in farming (B=0.022; 95% CI: 0.010 0.033) and not receiving support during were
strongly positively associated with loss of animals (B=0.324; 95% CI: 0.189 0.459). The low
number of farmers who were aware of the impending drought and the large number of farmers
who did not cope well suggests that many farmers in the area were not prepared for the drought.
Groups such as widows, widowers and farmers who have many years of farming experience
are high-risk groups and should be targeted for interventions in the event of a drought. More
measures are needed to ensure that all agricultural centres are prepared and supported in event
of a drought so as to minimise the impact of drought on local communities. / Die provinsie Limpopo is 'n rampgevoelige provinsie, met droogte as die mees algemene
natuurramp. Vanaf 2012 het die provinsie uiters droë toestande beleef wat in 2016 op 'n ernstige
droogte uitgeloop het. Dit het 'n negatiewe uitwerking gehad op die lewensonderhoud van
kleinboere en die welstand van hul vee. Die studie het ondersoek ingestel na die
hanteringstrategieë wat deur veeboere in kleinvee tydens droogtetoestande aangeneem is, en
die faktore wat verband hou met diereverlies tydens die droogte wat die streek tussen 2014 en
2016 geraak het. 'N Lukraak geselekteerde steekproef van 281 kleinboere van 18 jaar en ouer
van die Greater Letaba Local Munisipaliteit het aan die studie deelgeneem. Gestruktureerde
onderhoude, gehelp deur vraelyste, is gebruik om die primêre data in te samel. Verhoudings
van kategoriese veranderlikes en die gemiddelde en standaardafwyking vir deurlopende
veranderlikes is bereken en as tabelle en figure aangebied. 'N Poisson-regressiemodel is op die
data toegepas om faktore te identifiseer wat beduidend verband hou met die verlies aan diere
tydens die droogte. Meer as die helfte (55,50%; n=116) van die deelnemers is bewus gemaak
van die droogte 2014–2016 deur die landbouvoorligtingsbeamptes, gevolg deur 19,14% (n
=40) wat dit via radiokanale leer ken het. Meer as die helfte van die deelnemers (58,29%;
n=123) was bewus van die dreigende droogte. Die mees algemene steun van
regeringsinstansies om die droogte die hoof te bied, was in die vorm van veevoer (80%; n=124).
Alhoewel die meerderheid van die boere (73,55%; n=114) voordeel getrek het uit die steun wat
hulle gekry het, het die droogtetoestande nie goed hanteer nie (53,74%; n=151). Terwyl
Bellevue (B= -0.199; 95% CI -0.380 -0.019) negatief geassosieer is met verlies aan diere, is
Mokwakwaila (B= 0,568; 95% CI 0,405 0,731) sterk positief geassosieer met verlies aan diere.
Om getroud te wees (B= -0.060; 95% CI -0.305 0.183) of geskei (B= -0.035; 95% CI 0.316
0.246) was negatief geassosieer met verlies aan diere. Jare se ondervinding in die boerdery
(B=0,022; 95% CI 0,010 0,033) en om nie ondersteuning gedurende te ontvang nie, was sterk
positief geassosieer met die verlies van diere (B=0.324; 95% CI 0.189 0.459). Die lae aantal
boere (ongeveer die helfte) wat bewus was van die dreigende droogte, dui daarop dat baie boere
in die omgewing nie voorbereid was op die droogte nie. Groepe soos weduwees, wewenaars
en boere met baie jare se boerdery-ervaring, is hoërisikogroepe en moet geteiken word vir
ingrypings in die geval van 'n droogte. Meer maatreëls is nodig om te verseker dat alle
landbousentrums voorberei en ondersteun word in geval van 'n droogte om die impak van
droogte op plaaslike gemeenskappe te verminder. / Komelelo ke bothata bjo bogolo kudu go tsa temo/bolemi, segolothata re lebeletse balemirui
ba bannyane. Limpopo province e na le kgatelelego ye kgolo kudu ka komelelo gagolo ge re
lebeletse tsa bolemi. Nako le nako komelelo e tsea karolo ye kgolo moo e feleletsago e gatelela
tsa temo. Tabakgolo ya rena kego lebelela ditsela le mehuta ye e fapanego yeo e
shomishitshwego ke balemi go lwantshana le bothata bja komelelo gareng ga ngwaga wa 2014-
2016. Thuto ye e kgobokantshitshwe gotwsa go masepala wa motse selegae wa Greater Letaba
Local Municipality, karolo ya Mopani, profenseng ya Leboa mo Afrika Borwa. Tshedimosho
ye e hweditshwe ka mokgwa wa poledisano le balemi bao ba fapanego ba go lekana nomoro
ya 281 ya balemi go dinaga tsa go fapanafapana. Poledisano ebile ka mokgwa wa peakanyanyo
ya dopotsisho. Tshedimosho ye e kopantshitshwe le go hlathollwa ka mokgwa wa go ikgetha
wa Strata Version 14. Hlathollo ya go ikgetha e berekishitshwe ka mokgwa wa ditiragalo yoya
ka nako le dipalopalo tsa go kopantswa fao tahlegelo e sa tsebjego go ka lekanywa.le bokae la
diperesente. Mabakakgolo ao a hlolago tahlegelo ya diruiwa a nyakishitswe ka mokgwa wa
Poisson Regression Model. Bogolo bja (64.77%) go bao ba arabilego ebile banna le bogolo bja
(74.38%) bja balemi ba be ba tseba ka komelelo ye e batamelago. Go feta halofo (55.50%) ya
bao ba arabilegoba tsebishitshwe ka komelelo yeo e batamelang go tswa go bagakolodi, gomme
gwa latela thelebisheni (8.13%) le dikuranta (1.44%). Go feta bogolo bja (58.29%) bja bao ba
ikarabetsego ba laeditswe gore ba be ba tseba ka komelelo yeo e batamelago ke fao ba bego ba
ikemiseditse. Bontshi bja thekgo (80%) yeo balemi ba e hweditsego ebile ka mokgwa wa dijo
tsa diphoofolo, gwa latela latela thekgo yeo e filwego ka mokgwa wa meets le dithibela
malwetsi go diphoofolo. Bogolo bjago makatsa (73.55%) bo laeditse gore thekgo yeo ba e
hweditsego e ba tshwetsi molemo le diphoofolo tsa bona, go feta bonnyane (26.45%) bjoo bo
rilego thekgo yeo ba e hweditsegobka nako ya komelelo ga se ya ba tshwela mohola goba gaya
ba hola ka selo. Go ba modudi wa Bellevue (B= -0.199; 95% CI: -0.380 -0.019, p= 0.031) le
Mokwakwaila (B=0.568; 95% CI: 0.405 0.731, p= 0.0001) ebile nthla ye bohlokwa go
tahlegelo ya dirui. Go oketsa seo, go nyadiwa (B=0.942; 95% CI: 0.737 1.201), go hladiwa
(B= 0.966 (95% CI: 0.729 1.279), le palo ya mengwaga ya botsebingo tsa temo (B=1.022;
95% CI: 1.010 1.034, p= 0.0001), le ge eba molemi ga se a hwetse thusho ka nako ya komelelo
(B=0.324; 95% CI: 0.189 0.459, p= 0.0001) ebile dinhla tsa bohlokwa go tahlegelo ya dirui ka
nako ya komelelo. Palo ya fase ba balemi bao ba bego bas a tsebe ka komelelo yeo e bego e
batamela, e kgathile tema ye kgolo mo tabeng ya go paledisha balemi go ipeakanyela
kgahlanong le komelelo yeo e bego e batamela. Ka fao seo se ba amile gampe. Mo nakong ye e tlang, matsapa a mantsi a swanetswi go tseiwa go kgonthishisha gore tsa temo ka moka di
itokishetsa ka go lekana. Mmusho o swanetse go beeletsa kudu go lefapha la bagakolodi ka go
oketsa palo ya mafapha a bagakolodi. / Agriculture and Environmental Sciences / M.Sc. (Agriculture)
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:netd.ac.za/oai:union.ndltd.org:unisa/oai:uir.unisa.ac.za:10500/27290 |
| Date | 12 1900 |
| Creators | Rakgwale, Thabang Jantjie |
| Contributors | Oguttu, James W. |
| Source Sets | South African National ETD Portal |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | Unknown |
| Type | Dissertation |
| Format | 1 electronic resource (xi, 61 leaves) : illustrations, maps, chats, application/pdf |
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