Preliminary normative standards are a tool clinical exercise specialists and health fitness instructors can use when interpreting muscular strength testing results. However, a challenge for professionals is evaluating an individual's one-repetition maximum (IRM) and relating that to others of the same age and gender, because there are no preliminary normative standards for 1RMs available when testing via free-weights and machines.This study conducted at Ball State University, Adult Physical Fitness Laboratory, examined results of muscular strength testing in order to obtain the normative muscular strength of adults. The purpose was to develop preliminary normative standards for strength of adults and to compare the 1RM weight an individual lifts between free-weights, Paramount, and Cybex machines. Seventy-nine healthy men and women between 18 and 79 years of age participated in the study. Subjects were tested on free weights, Paramount, and Cybex machines.Test results revealed preliminary normative standards for 1RM on free weights. Individuals were categorized in three age groups for the free-weight bench press and the Cybex (free-weight) Leg Press. The 18-23 year olds obtained a IRM mean (± Standard Deviation (SD)) of 200.6 + 32.8 lbs and 83.6 ± 18.5 lbs for men and women, respectively, for the free-weight bench press. The 43-59 year olds obtained a 1RM mean of 149.2 ± 41.8 lbs and 71.3 ± 8.6 lbs and the 60-79 year olds had a 1RM mean of 119.5 + 30.0 Ibs and 61.6 ± 15.6 lbs for men and women, respectively, for the free-weight bench press. The 18-23 year olds obtained a 1RM Cybex (free-weight) leg press mean of 484.9 + 58.0 lbs and 234.3 ± 67.5 lbs for men and women, respectively. The 43-59 year olds were able to obtain 1RM means of 444.4 + 84.9 lbs and 254.5 ± 51.7 lbs and the older subjects (60-79 years old) were able to obtain 1RM mean of 390.7 ± 98.6 lbs and 230.3 ± 76.6 lbs for men and women, respectively. Results were also documented in relative values by the amount of weight pushed divided by body weight for better comparison of individuals. Subjects generally lifted more weight on the Cybex (free-weight) leg press compared to the Cybex (machine) leg press. All subjects (N=79) had a mean and standard deviation of 294.9 + 87.7 lbs for the Cybex (machine) leg press (1RMs) and 343.4 ± 123.4 lbs on the Cybex (free-weight) leg press (1RMs). There was a significant difference between the Cybex (free-weight) leg press and the Cybex leg press (p<.001). The correlation for these two types of lifts was r=0.88. There was a significant difference between the free-weight bench press and the Paramount seated chest press (p<.001). The correlation for between the two types of lifts was r=0.93. / School of Physical Education, Sport, and Exercise Science
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:BSU/oai:cardinalscholar.bsu.edu:handle/188059 |
| Date | January 2005 |
| Creators | Kesler, Douglas D. |
| Contributors | Kaminsky, Leonard A., 1955- |
| Source Sets | Ball State University |
| Detected Language | English |
| Format | vii, 71 leaves : ill. ; 28 cm. |
| Source | Virtual Press |
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