Wai, Chi Man Carmen. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 129-136). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Overview --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Natural Language Understanding --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- BNs for Handling Speech Recognition Errors --- p.4 / Chapter 1.4 --- BNs for Dialog Modeling --- p.5 / Chapter 1.5 --- Thesis Goals --- p.8 / Chapter 1.6 --- Thesis Outline --- p.8 / Chapter 2 --- Background --- p.10 / Chapter 2.1 --- Natural Language Understanding --- p.11 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Rule-based Approaches --- p.12 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Stochastic Approaches --- p.13 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Phrase-Spotting Approaches --- p.16 / Chapter 2.2 --- Handling Recognition Errors in Spoken Queries --- p.17 / Chapter 2.3 --- Spoken Dialog Systems --- p.19 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Finite-State Networks --- p.21 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- The Form-based Approaches --- p.21 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Sequential Decision Approaches --- p.22 / Chapter 2.3.4 --- Machine Learning Approaches --- p.24 / Chapter 2.4 --- Belief Networks --- p.27 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Introduction --- p.27 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Bayesian Inference --- p.29 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- Applications of the Belief Networks --- p.32 / Chapter 2.5 --- Chapter Summary --- p.33 / Chapter 3 --- Belief Networks for Natural Language Understanding --- p.34 / Chapter 3.1 --- The ATIS Domain --- p.35 / Chapter 3.2 --- Problem Formulation --- p.36 / Chapter 3.3 --- Semantic Tagging --- p.37 / Chapter 3.4 --- Belief Networks Development --- p.38 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Concept Selection --- p.39 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Bayesian Inferencing --- p.40 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Thresholding --- p.40 / Chapter 3.4.4 --- Goal Identification --- p.41 / Chapter 3.5 --- Experiments on Natural Language Understanding --- p.42 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Comparison between Mutual Information and Informa- tion Gain --- p.42 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- Varying the Input Dimensionality --- p.44 / Chapter 3.5.3 --- Multiple Goals and Rejection --- p.46 / Chapter 3.5.4 --- Comparing Grammars --- p.47 / Chapter 3.6 --- Benchmark with Decision Trees --- p.48 / Chapter 3.7 --- Performance on Natural Language Understanding --- p.51 / Chapter 3.8 --- Handling Speech Recognition Errors in Spoken Queries --- p.52 / Chapter 3.8.1 --- Corpus Preparation --- p.53 / Chapter 3.8.2 --- Enhanced Belief Network Topology --- p.54 / Chapter 3.8.3 --- BNs for Handling Speech Recognition Errors --- p.55 / Chapter 3.8.4 --- Experiments on Handling Speech Recognition Errors --- p.60 / Chapter 3.8.5 --- Significance Testing --- p.64 / Chapter 3.8.6 --- Error Analysis --- p.65 / Chapter 3.9 --- Chapter Summary --- p.67 / Chapter 4 --- Belief Networks for Mixed-Initiative Dialog Modeling --- p.68 / Chapter 4.1 --- The CU FOREX Domain --- p.69 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Domain-Specific Constraints --- p.69 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Two Interaction Modalities --- p.70 / Chapter 4.2 --- The Belief Networks --- p.70 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Informational Goal Inference --- p.72 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Detection of Missing / Spurious Concepts --- p.74 / Chapter 4.3 --- Integrating Two Interaction Modalities --- p.78 / Chapter 4.4 --- Incorporating Out-of-Vocabulary Words --- p.80 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Natural Language Queries --- p.80 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Directed Queries --- p.82 / Chapter 4.5 --- Evaluation of the BN-based Dialog Model --- p.84 / Chapter 4.6 --- Chapter Summary --- p.87 / Chapter 5 --- Scalability and Portability of Belief Network-based Dialog Model --- p.88 / Chapter 5.1 --- Migration to the ATIS Domain --- p.89 / Chapter 5.2 --- Scalability of the BN-based Dialog Model --- p.90 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Informational Goal Inference --- p.90 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Detection of Missing / Spurious Concepts --- p.92 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Context Inheritance --- p.94 / Chapter 5.3 --- Portability of the BN-based Dialog Model --- p.101 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- General Principles for Probability Assignment --- p.101 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- Performance of the BN-based Dialog Model with Hand- Assigned Probabilities --- p.105 / Chapter 5.3.3 --- Error Analysis --- p.108 / Chapter 5.4 --- Enhancements for Discourse Query Understanding --- p.110 / Chapter 5.4.1 --- Combining Trained and Handcrafted Probabilities --- p.110 / Chapter 5.4.2 --- Handcrafted Topology for BNs --- p.111 / Chapter 5.4.3 --- Performance of the Enhanced BN-based Dialog Model --- p.117 / Chapter 5.5 --- Chapter Summary --- p.120 / Chapter 6 --- Conclusions --- p.122 / Chapter 6.1 --- Summary --- p.122 / Chapter 6.2 --- Contributions --- p.126 / Chapter 6.3 --- Future Work --- p.127 / Bibliography --- p.129 / Chapter A --- The Two Original SQL Query --- p.137 / Chapter B --- "The Two Grammars, GH and GsA" --- p.139 / Chapter C --- Probability Propagation in Belief Networks --- p.149 / Chapter C.1 --- Computing the aposteriori probability of P*(G) based on in- put concepts --- p.151 / Chapter C.2 --- Computing the aposteriori probability of P*(Cj) by backward inference --- p.154 / Chapter D --- Total 23 Concepts for the Handcrafted BN --- p.156
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_323444 |
| Date | January 2001 |
| Contributors | Wai, Chi Man Carmen., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management. |
| Source Sets | The Chinese University of Hong Kong |
| Language | English, Chinese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Text, bibliography |
| Format | print, xvii, 156 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm. |
| Rights | Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) |
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