Diabetes Mellitus is a major health problem which affects about 200 million people worldwide.
Diabetics require their blood glucose levels to be kept within the normal range in
order to prevent diabetes-related complications from occurring. Blood glucose measurement
is therefore of vital importance. The current glucose measurement techniques are, however,
painful, inconvenient and episodic. This document provides an investigation into the use
of near-infrared spectroscopy for continuous, non-invasive measurement of blood glucose.
Artificial neural networks are used for the development of multivariate calibration models
which predict glucose concentrations based on the near-infrared spectral data. Simulations
have been performed which make use of simulated spectral data generated from the characteristic
spectra of many of the major components of human blood. The simulations show
that artificial neural networks are capable of predicting the glucose concentrations of complex
aqueous solutions with clinically relevant accuracy. The effect of interference, such as
temperature changes, pathlength variations, measurement noise and absorption due other
analytes, has been investigated and modelled. The artificial neural network calibration
models are capable of providing acceptably accurate predictions in the presence of multiple
forms of interference. It was found that the performance of the measurement technique can
be improved through careful selection of the optical pathlength and wavelength range for the
spectroscopic measurements, and by using preprocessing techniques to reduce the effect of
interference. Although the simulations suggest that near-infrared spectroscopy is a promising
method of blood glucose measurement, which could greatly improve the quality of life
of diabetics, many further issues must be resolved before the long-term goal of developing a
continuous non-invasive home glucose monitor can be achieved.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:netd.ac.za/oai:union.ndltd.org:wits/oai:wiredspace.wits.ac.za:10539/6863 |
| Date | 01 April 2009 |
| Creators | Manuell, John David |
| Source Sets | South African National ETD Portal |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Thesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
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