In everyday life, humans are exposed to toxic substances of anthropogenic origin. These substances can also be found in the ambient air and their impact poses a long-term risk for human health. Respirable particulate matter (PM) of aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 µm (PM2.5) is intensively studied, along with carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), bound to it, such as benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a reference carcinogenic PAH. Owing to small size, PM2.5 can penetrate the human body primarily via the airways and represent an increased health risk compared to larger particles. The negative health impacts of anthropogenic PM2.5, generated e.g. by fossil fuel combustion, are linked with its small size, relatively large surface, as well as with PAHs and other substances adsorbed on PM surface. PAHs, generated by an incomplete combustion of organic matter, can enter organism either via ingestion of contaminated food, water or via inhalation of polluted air. PAHs affect organisms via genotoxic, mutagenic, carcinogenic, embryotoxic and other adverse effects. One of the common denominators of these effects is oxidative stress, which is also considered to be the main mechanism of action caused by PM in the human organism. Oxidative damage induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) may affect any cellular...
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:nusl.cz/oai:invenio.nusl.cz:434454 |
| Date | January 2020 |
| Creators | Ambrož, Antonín |
| Contributors | Rössner, Pavel, Rubeš, Jiří, Gábelová, Alena |
| Source Sets | Czech ETDs |
| Language | Czech |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
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