This thesis with the research development in design and modeling of the lithium niobate (LiNbO₃) optical waveguides. In particular, the material and modal properties of the titanium (Ti)-indiffusion and annealed proton-exchange (APE) are investigated thoroughly. By linking the relation of the design and fabrication parameters with modal properties of the LiNbO₃ waveguides, a comparative study on modaling and characterization of diffused optical waveguides is presented. First we investigate the diffusion, exchange, and annealing processes analytically and numerically. Through comparing different models of index change with concentration of the related species such as titanium and hydrogen, the material properties can be calculated. The accuracy and the scope of validity for the analytical methods are also investigated. Some important fabrication and design parameters are abstracted and used for calculating the index distribution of the optical waveguides. Then, by applying a rigorous finite difference method, the modal properties of the diffused waveguides, such as modal profile, effective index, and coupling loss with the standard fiber, can be calculated. The modal properties of the optical waveguides directly link to the fabrication parameters of corresponding waveguides. Based on modal properties of optimized waveguides, the device performances of the related devices can be easily obtained. Based on the analysis of general LiNbO₃ optical waveguides, the detail material and modal properties of the titanium-indiffusion and APE LiNbO₃ optical waveguides are further investigated. Their fabrication processes are reviewed and typical process parameters are given. Furthermore, by comparing with measurement results of the titanium-diffusion and APE LiNbO₃ optical waveguides made in McMaster University, the relation between the waveguide modal performance and design parameters is built through some effective methods and ready to be applied in the design of optical devices. Finally, we reconstruct the refractive index distribution of the optical waveguides by using the measurement results of modal properties. / Thesis / Master of Engineering (ME)
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:mcmaster.ca/oai:macsphere.mcmaster.ca:11375/23174 |
| Date | 06 1900 |
| Creators | Wang, Hua |
| Contributors | Huang, W. -P, Xu, C. Q., Electrical and Computer Engineering |
| Source Sets | McMaster University |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Thesis |
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