Industrial ecology is a field of study that encourages the use of closed-loop material cycles to achieve sustainability. Loop closing requires the movement of materials over space, and has long been practiced in the iron and steel industry. Iron and steel (ferrous) scrap generated in the U.S. is increasingly exported to countries in Asia, lengthening the transportation distance associated with closing the loop on the iron and steel life cycle. In order to understand the environmental cost of transporting this commodity, an activity-based maritime transportation model and a theoretical in-land transportation model are used to estimate emissions generated. Results indicate that 10.4 mmt of total emissions were generated, and emissions increased by 136 percent from 2004 to 2009. Increases in the amount of emissions generated are due to increases in the amount of scrap exported and distance it is transported.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:unt.edu/info:ark/67531/metadc103296 |
| Date | 12 1900 |
| Creators | Caldwell, Amanda |
| Contributors | Lyons, Donald, Rice, Murray D., Tierney, Sean |
| Publisher | University of North Texas |
| Source Sets | University of North Texas |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Thesis or Dissertation |
| Format | Text |
| Rights | Public, Caldwell, Amanda, Copyright, Copyright is held by the author, unless otherwise noted. All rights Reserved. |
Page generated in 0.0025 seconds