<p>Lumbalni bol predstavlja jedan od najučestalijih zdravstvenih problema današnjice. Pružanje zdravstvene nege je stresan i težak fizički posao, te spada u grupu visoko-rizičnih poslova za nastanak lumbalnog bola, pa samim tim medicinske sestre – tehničari predstavljaju vulnerabilnu populaciju. Osnovni ciljevi ovog istraživanja bili su da se utvrdi prevalencija i faktori rizika za nastanak lumbalnog bola kod medicinskih sestara- tehničara, kao i mere prevencije. Istraživanje je sprovedeno u pet zdravstvenih ustanova sa područja Vojvodine u obliku studije preseka, anketiranjem medicinskih sestara – tehničara. Za ispitivanje je korišćen modifikovani Nordijski upitnik. Rezultati pokazuju veoma visoku prevalenciju lumbalnog bola među medicinskim sestrama- tehničarima, oko 94%. Ispitanici su bili uglavnom ženskog pola, prosečne starosti oko 38 godina. Najveći broj ispitanika ima srednju stručnu spremu. Istraživanjem je utvrđeno da postoji statistički značajna povezanost lumbalnog bola sa porastom godina života i dužine ekspozicionog radnog staža. Takođe, statistički visoko značajna korelacija nalazi se između porasta BMI i lumbalnog bola. Najzastupljeniji poslovi zdravstvene nege koje ispitanici sa lumbalnim bolom obavljaju su: pozicioniranje pacijenata, podizanje i presvlačenje pacijenata u postelji i podela terapije. Statistički značajno veća zastupljenost lumbalnog bola javlja se kod ispitanika koji sami obavljaju negu u odnosu na one koji imaju pomoć. Medicinske sestre – tehničari koji pripadaju grupi sa višim nivoom stresa na radnom mestu imaju znatno veći rizik za pojavu lumbalnog bola. Smenski rad (naizmenične dnevne i noćne smene od 12 sati) i prekovremeni rad duži od 8 sati dnevno, podizanje tereta većeg od 25 kg i broj pacijenata koje medicinska sestra – tehničar zbrinjava tokom radnog vremena nemaju značajnu povezanost sa pojavom lumbalnog bola. Oko tri četvrtine ispitanika nije izostajalo sa posla zbog bola. Samo oko 8% ispitanika je promenilo radno mesto zbog lumbalnog bola i ide redovno na periodične lekarske preglede. Kod mera prevencije neophodno je staviti akcenat na smanjenje fizičkog opterećenja donjeg dela leđa i smanjenje ručnog prenošenja tereta. Primenom adekvatnog ergonomskog pristupa, boljom organizacijom rada, podsticajnom atmosferom na poslu i spremnošću nadležnih struktura da iskažu veću brigu prema zaposlenima, smanjila bi se učestalost pojave lumbalnog bola.</p> / <p>One of the today’s most frequent health problems is the low back pain. Nursing is stressful and hard physical job which belongs to the group of high-risk jobs that could cause low back pain and therefore medical nurses/technicians represent the vulnerable population. Determination of prevalence, risk factors and prevention of the low back pain were the main goals of this research. The research in the form of cross-sectional study was conducted with nurses filling in the surveys within five medical institutions in Vojvodina. The modified Nordic questionnaire was used for the surveys. The results show very high prevalence of the low back pain, cca 94%, among medical nurses. Most of the respondents were females, who finished high school education, at average age of 38 years. The study showed that there is a statistically significant coherence between low back pain, ageing and working experience as a nurse. There is also a statistically significant coherence between the low back pain and the increase of the BMI. The most common nursing jobs that respondents with the low back pain do are: positioning of patients, lifting patients, dressing patients in bed and giving therapy. The low back pain with the respondents who do the nursing just by themselves is statistically significantly more present then with the respondents who do the nursing with help. Nurses who suffer more stress at their workplaces have a significantly higher risk to develop low back pain. Working 12 hour shifts (alternately day and night shifts), overtime work, more then 25 kg weight lifting and number of patients for nursing per nurse during working hours have no significant correlation with the low back pain occurrence. About three quarters of the respondents had no absence from work caused by the low back pain. Only 8% of the respondents changed their workplace because of the low back pain and have regular health checks. To prevent the low back pain it is necessary to emphasize the physical reduction of the load on the lower back and manual handling of loads. The frequent low back pain with the nurses could be reduced with the appropriate ergonomic access, better work organization, a supportive atmosphere at work and the willingness of responsible authorities to express greater concern about the employees.</p>
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:uns.ac.rs/oai:CRISUNS:(BISIS)104732 |
| Date | 28 September 2017 |
| Creators | Božić Andrea |
| Contributors | Gajdobranski Đorđe, Mikov Ivan, Cigić Tomislav, Brestovacki Svitlica Branislava, Simin Dragana, Jovanović Jovica, Milutinović Dragana |
| Publisher | Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Medicinski fakultet u Novom Sadu, University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine at Novi Sad |
| Source Sets | University of Novi Sad |
| Language | Serbian |
| Detected Language | Unknown |
| Type | PhD thesis |
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