by Au Sze Ki. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves xii-xix). / Acknowledgement --- p.i / Table of Content --- p.ii / List of Abbreviation --- p.vi / Abstract --- p.viii / Chapter Chapter One : --- Introduction / Chapter 1.1. --- Osteosarcoma --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1. --- Definition --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- "Incidence, geographic patterns of distribution and epidemiological consideration" --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- "Age, sex and sites" --- p.3 / Chapter 1.1.4 --- Type and grade --- p.5 / Chapter 1.1.4.1. --- Grade --- p.5 / Chapter 1.1.4.2. --- Site --- p.5 / Chapter 1.1.4.3. --- Metastasis --- p.5 / Chapter 1.1.5 --- Histological features --- p.9 / Chapter 1.1.6 --- Clinical features --- p.9 / Chapter 1.1.7 --- Radiological features --- p.11 / Chapter 1.1.8. --- Molecuar genetics --- p.13 / Chapter 1.1.9 --- Treatment --- p.13 / Chapter 1.2 --- Biochemical Markers of Osteosarcoma --- p.14 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Tumor marker --- p.14 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Biochemical markers of bone turnover --- p.15 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Change of biochemical marker in osteosarcoma --- p.17 / Chapter 1.3 --- Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) --- p.17 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- ALPs Family --- p.20 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Membrane binding --- p.22 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Biochemical function and physiological role of ALP --- p.24 / Chapter 1.4 --- Normal values of serum ALP --- p.28 / Chapter 1.5 --- Clinical applications of ALP --- p.28 / Chapter 1.6 --- "Separation, identification and quantification of ALP isozymes" --- p.31 / Chapter 1.6.1 --- Themostability --- p.31 / Chapter 1.6.2 --- Inhibition studies --- p.31 / Chapter 1.6.3 --- Electrophoresis --- p.33 / Chapter 1.6.4 --- Isoelectric focusing --- p.34 / Chapter 1.6.5 --- Affinity precipitation --- p.34 / Chapter 1.6.6 --- Immunological studies --- p.35 / Chapter 1.7 --- Plasma BALP level as biochemical marker of osteosarcoma --- p.35 / Chapter 1.8 --- ALP in malignancies --- p.37 / Aim of study --- p.x / Chapter Chapter Two : --- Methods and Materials / Chapter 2.1 --- Plasma BALP measurement as a biochemical markerin osteosarcoma --- p.40 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Patient groups --- p.40 / Chapter a) --- Normal subjects --- p.40 / Chapter b) --- Osteosarcoma patients --- p.40 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Collection and preparation of patient bloods samples of patients --- p.40 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Plasma total ALP measurement --- p.41 / Chapter a) --- Reagent --- p.41 / Chapter b) --- Procedure --- p.43 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Plasma BALP measurements --- p.43 / Chapter a) --- Wheat germ lectin precipitation of BALP --- p.44 / Chapter i) --- Reagent / Chapter ii) --- Procedure / Chapter b) --- ABBOTT methods for plasma BALP activity measurement --- p.45 / Chapter c) --- COBAS MIRA methods for BALP measurement --- p.45 / Chapter d) --- ALKPHASE-B method of BALP measurement --- p.46 / Chapter 2.1.5 --- Inter-conversion of plasma BALP activity measurement in different methods --- p.47 / Chapter 2.1.6 --- Statistical analysis --- p.48 / Chapter 2.2 --- Alkaline phosphatase isozymes expression in human osteosarcoma --- p.48 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- In Vitro cultures of human SaOS-2 and U-2 OS osteosarcoma cell line --- p.48 / Chapter a) --- Reagent --- p.49 / Chapter b) --- Procedure --- p.50 / Chapter i) --- Storage of U-2 OS and SaOS-2 / Chapter ii) --- Subculture of confluent monolayer / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Protein assay --- p.51 / Chapter a) --- Standard Assay --- p.51 / Chapter i) --- Reagent / Chapter ii) --- Procedure / Chapter b) --- Mircoassay --- p.51 / Chapter i) --- Reagent / Chapter ii) --- Procedure / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Extraction of ALP from the cultured osteosarcoma cells --- p.52 / Chapter a) --- Reagent --- p.52 / Chapter b) --- Procedure --- p.52 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- "ALP extraction from human liver, placenta and osteosarcoma tissue" --- p.53 / Chapter a) --- Reagent --- p.53 / Chapter b) --- Procedure --- p.54 / Chapter 2.2.5 --- Isoelectric focusing of ALP --- p.55 / Chapter a) --- Preparation of the agarose IEF gel --- p.55 / Chapter b) --- Samples preparation --- p.56 / Chapter c) --- Isoelectric focusing --- p.57 / Chapter d) --- Protein detection --- p.59 / Chapter i) --- Reagent / Chapter ii) --- Procedure / Chapter e) --- Visualization of ALP isozyme --- p.60 / Chapter 2.2.6 --- Biochemical differentiation of ALP expressed in human osteosarcoma --- p.61 / Chapter a) --- Thermodenaturation of ALP --- p.61 / Chapter b) --- Ammino acid inhibition of ALP --- p.61 / Chapter 2.2.7 --- Immunohistostaining of placental ALP in human Osteosarcoma --- p.62 / Chapter a) --- Reagent --- p.62 / Chapter b) --- Preparation of human osteosarcoma cell line --- p.63 / Chapter c) --- Preparation of human osteosarcoma tissue --- p.63 / Chapter d) --- Immunohistostaining --- p.64 / Chapter Chapter Three : --- Results / Chapter 3.1 --- General information of the patients --- p.65 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Age and sex distribution --- p.65 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Sites --- p.65 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Treatment and survival rate --- p.66 / Chapter 3.2 --- Clinical significance of plasma bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) activity measurementin osteosarcoma patients --- p.71 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Plasma BALP activity measurement --- p.71 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Normal reference of plasma BALP determination --- p.72 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Diagnostic value of plasma BALP measurement in osteosarcoma --- p.75 / Chapter a) --- Plasma BALP level at admission --- p.75 / Chapter b) --- Plasma Total ALP level at admission --- p.78 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Prognosis value of plasma BALP measurement in osteosarcoma Patients --- p.78 / Chapter a) --- Correlation of plasma BALP-Adm with the local relapse of the disease --- p.78 / Chapter b) --- Correlation of plasma BALP-Adm with survival rate of the patients --- p.90 / Chapter i) --- One year survival Rate / Chapter ii) --- two-year survival Rate / Chapter iii) --- Three-year survival rate / Chapter c) --- Correlation of the plasma BALP-Adm with the tumor volume --- p.90 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- Using plasma BALP measurement for monitoring of the disease --- p.91 / Chapter a) --- Effectiveness of pre-operative chemotherapy --- p.91 / Chapter b) --- Change of plasma BALP level during the treatment --- p.92 / Chapter i) --- Monitoring of pre-operative chemotherapy / Chapter ii) --- Detection of local recurrence and secondary metastasis / Chapter 3.3 --- Alkaline phosphatase isozyme expressionin osteosarcoma --- p.103 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Isoelectric point (pI) gradient in isoelectric focusing (IEF)gel --- p.10? / Chapter 3.3.2 --- ALP isozyme standard --- p.103 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Ectopic expression of ALP in human osteosarcoma cell line: U-2 OS and SaOS-2 --- p.104 / Chapter a) --- Isoelectric focusing separation --- p.104 / Chapter b) --- Biochemical differentiation of ALP extracts --- p.110 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Alkaline phosphatase expression in osteosarcoma patient plasma sample --- p.110 / Chapter 3.3.5 --- Alkaline phosphatase isozyme expression in human osteosarcoma biopsy tissue --- p.111 / Chapter 3.3.6 --- Ectopic expression of placental ALP in human osteosarcoma by immunohistochemistry --- p.111 / Chapter a) --- Ectopic expression of placental ALP in human osteosarcoma cell line U-2 OS --- p.111 / Chapter b) --- Ectopic expression of placental ALP in human osteosarcoma tissue sections --- p.112 / Chapter Chapter Four : --- Discussion --- p.128 / Chapter Chapter Five : --- Conclusion --- p.142 / Bibliography --- p.xii / Appendix --- p.xx
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_322714 |
| Date | January 1997 |
| Contributors | Au, Sze Ki., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Biochemistry. |
| Source Sets | The Chinese University of Hong Kong |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Text, bibliography |
| Format | print, ix, 144, (xii-xxi) leaves : ill (some col. mounted) ; 30 cm. |
| Rights | Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) |
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