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Previous issue date: 2015-03-13 / Um importante problema enfrentado pela ind?stria petrol?fera ? distribuir v?rios
produtos derivados de petr?leo atrav?s de polidutos. Tal distribui??o ? feita atrav?s de
uma rede composta por refinarias (n?s fonte), parques de armazenagem (n?s
intermedi?rios) e terminais (n?s de demanda), interligados por um conjunto de polidutos
que transportam petr?leo e derivados entre ?reas adjacentes. Restri??es relativas a
limites de armazenamento, tempo de entrega, disponibilidade das fontes, limites de
envio e recebimento, entre outras, t?m de ser satisfeitas. Alguns pesquisadores lidam
com este problema sob o ponto de vista discreto onde o fluxo na rede ? visto como o
envio de bateladas. Geralmente, n?o existem dispositivos de separa??o entre bateladas
de produtos diferentes e as perdas devidas ? interface podem ser significativas.
Minimizar o tempo de entrega ? um objetivo usual dos engenheiros durante a
programa??o do envio de produtos em redes de polidutos. No entanto, os custos devidos
?s perdas geradas nas interfaces n?o podem ser desconsiderados. O custo do envio dos
produtos tamb?m depende das despesas de bombeamento as quais s?o, em grande parte,
devidas ao custo da energia el?trica. Uma vez que a tarifa industrial de energia el?trica
varia ao longo do dia, o bombeamento em diferentes per?odos ter?o diferentes custos.
Este trabalho apresenta uma investiga??o experimental de m?todos computacionais
desenvolvidos para lidar com o problema do envio de bateladas de derivados de
petr?leo considerando a minimiza??o simult?nea de tr?s fun??es objetivo: tempo de
entrega, perdas devidas ?s interfaces e custo de energia el?trica. Tal problema ? NP-
?rduo e ser? abordado atrav?s de algoritmos evolucion?rios h?bridos. As hibridiza??es
t?m como foco principal os Algoritmos Transgen?ticos e arquiteturas cl?ssicas de
algoritmos evolucion?rios multi-objetivo como MOEA/D, NSGA2 e SPEA2. Tr?s
arquiteturas denominadas MOTA/D, NSTA e SPETA, s?o aplicadas ao problema. ?
apresentado um estudo experimental dos algoritmos propostos onde ? utilizado um
conjunto de trinta casos teste. Para analisar os resultados obtidos com os algoritmos s?o
empregados indicadores de qualidade Pareto concordantes e testes estat?sticos n?o
param?tricos. / An important problem faced by the oil industry is to distribute multiple oil products
through pipelines. Distribution is done in a network composed of refineries (source
nodes), storage parks (intermediate nodes), and terminals (demand nodes)
interconnected by a set of pipelines transporting oil and derivatives between adjacent
areas. Constraints related to storage limits, delivery time, sources availability, sending
and receiving limits, among others, must be satisfied. Some researchers deal with this
problem under a discrete viewpoint in which the flow in the network is seen as batches
sending. Usually, there is no separation device between batches of different products
and the losses due to interfaces may be significant. Minimizing delivery time is a typical
objective adopted by engineers when scheduling products sending in pipeline networks.
However, costs incurred due to losses in interfaces cannot be disregarded. The cost also
depends on pumping expenses, which are mostly due to the electricity cost. Since
industrial electricity tariff varies over the day, pumping at different time periods have
different cost. This work presents an experimental investigation of computational
methods designed to deal with the problem of distributing oil derivatives in networks
considering three minimization objectives simultaneously: delivery time, losses due to
interfaces and electricity cost. The problem is NP-hard and is addressed with hybrid
evolutionary algorithms. Hybridizations are mainly focused on Transgenetic Algorithms
and classical multi-objective evolutionary algorithm architectures such as MOEA/D,
NSGA2 and SPEA2. Three architectures named MOTA/D, NSTA and SPETA are
applied to the problem. An experimental study compares the algorithms on thirty test
cases. To analyse the results obtained with the algorithms Pareto-compliant quality
indicators are used and the significance of the results evaluated with non-parametric
statistical tests.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/20222 |
| Date | 13 March 2015 |
| Creators | Souza, Thatiana Cunha Navarro de |
| Contributors | 81652011749, http://lattes.cnpq.br/2888641121265608, Thome, Antonio Carlos Gay, 23336048753, http://lattes.cnpq.br/9282046098909851, Luna, Henrique Pacca Loureiro, 21545073872, http://lattes.cnpq.br/4967240163248619, Goldbarg, Marco C?sar, 25841025953, http://lattes.cnpq.br/1371199678541174, L?ders, Ricardo, 11922111899, http://lattes.cnpq.br/5158617067991861, Gouv?a, Elizabeth Ferreira |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM SISTEMAS E COMPUTA??O, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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