archives@tulane.edu / Gram-negative bacteria secrete outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) that play critical roles in intraspecies, interspecies, and bacteria-environment interactions. Some OMVs, such as those produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, have previously been shown to possess antimicrobial activity against competitor species. In the current work, we demonstrate that OMVs from Burkholderia thailandensis inhibit the growth of drug-sensitive and drug-resistant bacteria and fungi and exhibit antibiofilm activity against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and Streptococcus mutans. We show that a number of compounds, including peptidoglycan hydrolases, 4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-(2-non-enyl)-quinoline (HMNQ) and long-chain rhamnolipid present in B. thailandensis OMVs exert antimicrobial activity. Furthermore, we demonstrate that HMNQ and rhamnolipid possess antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties against various microbes. Rhamnolipid is superior at reducing the integrity of biofilms while HMNQ displays greater bactericidal activity. We attempted to use HMNQ and rhamnolipid to combat MRSA and promote wound healing in a murine full-thickness wound model. However, further optimization of the model and characterization of the molecules in antimicrobial efficacy, wound healing, and host immune responses are required. Overall, this work indicates that B. thailandensis secretes antimicrobial OMVs that may impart a survival advantage by eliminating competition. In addition, bacterial OMVs may represent an untapped resource of novel therapeutics effective against biofilm-forming and multidrug-resistant organisms. / 1 / Yihui Wang
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:TULANE/oai:http://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/:tulane_110754 |
| Date | January 2019 |
| Contributors | Wang, Yihui (author), Morici, Lisa (Thesis advisor), School of Medicine Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program (Degree granting institution) |
| Publisher | Tulane University |
| Source Sets | Tulane University |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Text |
| Format | electronic, pages: 234 |
| Rights | No embargo, Copyright is in accordance with U.S. Copyright law. |
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