Os hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos (HPA) representam hoje grande preocupação à comunidade científica devido a sua comprovada ação cancerígena e mutagênica, assim tornam-se necessárias metodologias mais eficientes para suas determinações. O presente trabalho desenvolveu a técnica de extração por líquido pressurizado com a etapa de clean-up simultânea a extração, com sílica e alumina como adsorventes dentro da cela do equipamento ASE-350. A metodologia desenvolvida foi comparada com a tradicional extração por Sohxlet através de material de referência certificado. A extração por Soxhlet, apesar de eficiente, mostrou-se dispendiosa pelo gasto enorme de tempo, solvente e adsorventes quando comparada a extração por líquido pressurizado. De maneira geral a extração por líquido pressurizado apresentou-se mais vantajosa que a tradicional extração por Soxhlet. A eficiência da metodologia desenvolvida também foi testada através de quatro diferentes tipos de solos brasileiros fortificados com solução padrão de HPA. Os solos utilizados foram dos seguintes locais: Nova Lima MG, Lavras MG, Casimiro de Abreu RJ e Luiz Eduardo Magalhães BA. Todos possuíam características granulométricas e químicas diferentes entre si. Dois solos foram classificados em latossolos vermelhos, um em vermelho-amarelo e um em planossolo. Houve diferença significativa na eficiência de recuperação de alguns HPA quando comparados os quatro tipos de solos, já para outros HPA não evidenciou-se influência da tipologia do solo / Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are now a great concern to the scientific community due to its proven carcinogenic and mutagenic action. Therefore more efficient methodologies become necessary for its determinations. This research developed the technique of extraction by pressurized liquid with the clean-up step simultaneous to the extraction, i.e., the soil sample is extracted as the clean-up occurs. For this silica and alumina adsorbents was used in the ASE-350 equipment cell. For the study four different types of Brazilian soils with their well-defined characterizations were used. The soils used were from the following locations: Nova Lima - MG, Lavras - MG, Casimiro de Abreu - RJ and Luiz Eduardo Magalhães - BA. All of them had different soil gradation and chemical characteristics. The soils were classified as red oxisols, red-yellowish oxisols and planosols. There was significant difference between the recovery efficiency of some PAH in the four soil types, as for other HPA showed up no influence of soil type. The developed methodology was compared to traditional Sohxlet extraction by certified reference material (CRM). The Soxhlet extraction, although effective, has proved costly for large expenditure of time, adsorbents and solvent when compared to pressurized liquid extraction. In general the pressurized liquid extraction was more advantageous than traditional Soxhlet extraction. The developed methodology efficiency was also tested through four different Brazilian soil types spiked with standard PAH solution. The soils used were from the following locations: Nova Lima - MG, Lavras - MG, Casimiro de Abreu - RJ and Luiz Eduardo Magalhães - BA. All of them had different soil gradation and chemical characteristics among themselves. Two soils were classified as red oxisols, one as red-yellowish oxisol and one as planosol. There was significant difference among the recovery efficiency of some PAHs when the four soil types were compared; as for other HPA showed up no evidence of soil type influence
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/urn:repox.ist.utl.pt:BDTD_UERJ:oai:www.bdtd.uerj.br:2992 |
| Date | 28 February 2013 |
| Creators | Plinio de Freitas Martinho |
| Contributors | Mônica Regina da Costa Marques, Daniel Vidal Perez, Renato da Silva Carreira, Alexsandro Araújo da Silva |
| Publisher | Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, UERJ, BR |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ, instname:Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, instacron:UERJ |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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