<p>Prema postavljenom cilju istraživanja, ispitivani su kvalitet mesa i mleka<br />podolskog govečeta u Republici Srbiji.<br />Ispitivanjem je ukupno bilo obuhvaćeno 23 grla, od kojih 12 krava i 11<br />muških junadi na lokaciji u Bačkoj Topoli.<br />Utvrđena prosečna telesna masa muške junadi podolske rase, koja su<br />korišćena u ovom istraživanju iznosila je 445,91 kg, sa prosečnim randmanom<br />primarne obrade od 53,64 %.<br />4<br />Masa glave bez rogova u proseku je bila 12,11 kg, a masa kože je iznosila<br />39,27 kg. Prosečna masa unutrašnjih organa iznosila je: bubrezi sa lojem 4,02 kg,<br />jetra 5,00 kg, srce 1,76 kg, pluća 4,88 kg i slezina 0,86 kg. Utvrđena je prosečna<br />masa leve polutke od 121,68 kg, a desne polutke od 120,71 kg.<br />Vrednosti kvalitativnih osobina koje su utvrđene kod MLD u proseku su<br />bile: L*-svetloća 34,61, udeo a*-crvene boje 20,18, b*-udeo žute boje 6,54, kalo<br />kuvanja 44,30 % i sposobnost vezivanja vode 5,52 (cm2). U proseku, sadržaj vode<br />je iznosio 75,43 %, sadržaj suve materije 24,57 %, sadržaj proteina 21,32 %,<br />sadržaj ukupnog pepela 1,09 %, a sadržaj slobodnih masti 1,90 %. Utvrđena<br />vrednost sadržaja vezivnog tkiva u proseku je iznosila 1,43 %, dok je sadržaj<br />hidroksi prolina bio 0,05 %.<br />Vrednosti kvalitativnih osobina koje su utvrđene kod MSM u proseku su<br />bile: L*-svetloća 35,41, udeo a*-crvene boje 20,84, b*-udeo žute boje 6,64, kalo<br />kuvanja 46,46 % i sposobnost vezivanja vode 7,30. U proseku, sadržaj vode je<br />iznosio 75,68 %, sadržaj suve materije 24,32 %, sadržaj proteina 21,02 %, sadržaj<br />ukupnog pepela 1,09 %, a sadržaj slobodnih masti 1,82 %. Utvrđena vrednost<br />sadržaja vezivnog tkiva u proseku je iznosila 0,47 %, dok je sadržaj hidroksi<br />prolina bio 0,06 %.<br />Ispitivanjem senzornih osobina kod MLD i MSM utvrđeno je sledeće:<br />Intezitet boje MLD iznosio je 4,1, a MSM 4,0. Prosečna vrednost teksture MLD<br />iznosila je 4,3, a MSM 4,1. Mramoriranost MLD u proseku je iznosila 4,0, a kod<br />MSM 4,3. Utvrđena prosečna vrednost nežnosti MLD iznosila je 4,4, a kod MSM<br />5,3. Sočnost kod MLD u proseku je iznosila 5,1, a kod MSM 4,7.<br />Ispitivanjem osobina mlečnosti ustanovljeno je, da je prosečno trajanje<br />laktacije iznosilo 152 dana, prinos mleka u proseku je bio 988,00 kg, sadržaj<br />mlečne masti 4,24 %, a sadržaj proteina 3,99 %. Poređenjem osobina mlečnosti<br />između prvotelki i starijih krava utvrđeno je, da je prosečno trajanje laktacije kod<br />prvotelki iznosilo 148 dana, a kod starijih krava 156 dana, količina mleka kod<br />prvotelki u laktaciji iznosila je 907 kg, a kod starijih krava 1.056 kg. Sadržaj<br />mlečne masti kod prvotelki iznosio je 4,23 %, a kod starijih krava 4,25 %, dok je<br />sadržaj proteina u mleku kod prvotelki iznosio 3,94 %, a kod starijih krava 4,04 %.<br />Prosečne vrednosti svih ispitivanih osobina mlečnosti između prvotelki i<br />starijih krava nisu se statistički značajno razlikovale (p>0,05).</p> / <p>Towards the objectives of research, we examine the quality of meat and milk<br />of Podolian cattle in the Republic of Serbia.<br />The study included a total of 23 animals, of which 12 cows and 11 steers at<br />the location in Bačka Topola.<br />Determined by the average body weight of steers the podolian breed, which<br />were used in this study was 445,91 kg, with an average dressing percentage of<br />primary treatment of 53,64 %.<br />8<br />The mass of the head without the horns, the average was 12,11 kg, a mass of<br />skin was 39,27 kg. The average weight of internal organs were: kidney with fat<br />4,02 kg, liver 5,00 kg, heart 1,76 kg, lungs 4,88 kg, and spleen 0,86 kg. Determine<br />the average mass of the left carcass of 121,68 kg, and the right carcass of 120,71<br />kg.<br />The values of qualitative traits that were found in MLD on average were:<br />L*-lightness 34,61, part of a*-red color 20,18, part of b*-yellow color 6,54,<br />cooking loss 44,30 % and water holding 5,52. On average, the water content was<br />75,43 %, total solids content of 24,57 %, protein content 21,32 %, ash content 1,09<br />%, and free fat content of 1,90 %. The determined value of the connective tissue<br />averaged 1,43 %, while the hydroxy proline content was 0,05 %.<br />The values of qualitative traits that were found in MLD on average were:<br />L*-lightness 35,41, part of a*-red color 20,84, part of b*-yellow color 6,64,<br />cooking loss 46,46 % and water holding 7,30. On average, the water content was<br />75,68 %, total solids content of 24,32 %, protein content 21,02 %, ash content 1,09<br />%, and free fat content of 1,82 %. The determined value of the connective tissue<br />averaged 0,47 %, while the hydroxy proline content was 0,06 %.<br />By examining the sensory properties of the MLD and the MSM has shown<br />the following: Intensity of color MLD was 4,1 and 4,0 of MSM. The average value<br />of the texture MLD was 4,3 and 4,1 of MSM. Marbling MLD averaged 4,0 and 4,3<br />for MSM. The determined average value of tenderness MLD was 4,4 and 5,3 for<br />MSM. Juiciness of MLD averaged a 5,1 in MSM 4,7.<br />The examination of milk traits were found that the average duration of<br />lactation period was 152 days, milk yield on average was 988,00 kg, milk fat<br />content 4,24 % and 3,99 % protein content. Comparison of milk production traits<br />between primiparas and older cows showed that the average duration of lactation<br />in primiparas amounted to 148 days, and for older cows 156 days, the amount of<br />milk in lactating primiparas was 907 kg, and for older cows 1.056 kg. Milk fat<br />content at first calving was 4,23 % and 4,25 % of older cows, while milk protein<br />content at first calving was 3,94 % and 4,04 % of older cows.<br />The average values of all the traits of milk production between primiparas<br />and older cows were not significant (p> 0.05).</p>
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:uns.ac.rs/oai:CRISUNS:(BISIS)95433 |
| Date | 03 July 2013 |
| Creators | Stojanović Srđan |
| Contributors | Plavšić Miroslav, Bogdanović Vladan, Jurić Verica |
| Publisher | Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet u Novom Sadu, University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture at Novi Sad |
| Source Sets | University of Novi Sad |
| Language | Serbian |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | PhD thesis |
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